Genetic variability of the grey wolf Canis lupus in the Caucasus in comparison with Europe and the Middle East: distinct or intermediary population?

Despite continuous historical distribution of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) throughout Eurasia, the species displays considerable morphological differentiation that resulted in delimitation of a number of subspecies. However, these morphological discontinuities are not always consistent with patterns...

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Published in:PloS one 2014-04, Vol.9 (4), p.e93828-e93828
Main Authors: Pilot, Małgorzata, Dąbrowski, Michał J, Hayrapetyan, Vahram, Yavruyan, Eduard G, Kopaliani, Natia, Tsingarska, Elena, Bujalska, Barbara, Kamiński, Stanisław, Bogdanowicz, Wiesław
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Animal behavior
Animal populations
Animals
Autoimmune diseases
Biogeography
Biology and Life Sciences
Canidae
Canis aureus
Canis lupus
Conservation
Demographics
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Differentiation
DNA
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Endangered & extinct species
Europe
Europe, Eastern
Gene Flow
Genetic aspects
Genetic diversity
Genetic Loci
Genetic variability
Genetic Variation
Genetics
Genetics, Population
Genomes
Genotypes
Haplotypes
Linkage disequilibrium
Loci
Lupus
Microsatellite Repeats
Microsatellites
Middle East
Mitochondrial DNA
Molecular biology
Morphology
Museums
Phylogeography
Physiological aspects
Populations
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Studies
Variability
White people
Whites
Wolves
Wolves - genetics
Zoology
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c729t-eb28bc727a7170543987157ededc07015ef636d027bdde1cff5e31e85a70a5613
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creator Pilot, Małgorzata
Dąbrowski, Michał J
Hayrapetyan, Vahram
Yavruyan, Eduard G
Kopaliani, Natia
Tsingarska, Elena
Bujalska, Barbara
Kamiński, Stanisław
Bogdanowicz, Wiesław
description Despite continuous historical distribution of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) throughout Eurasia, the species displays considerable morphological differentiation that resulted in delimitation of a number of subspecies. However, these morphological discontinuities are not always consistent with patterns of genetic differentiation. Here we assess genetic distinctiveness of grey wolves from the Caucasus (a region at the border between Europe and West Asia) that have been classified as a distinct subspecies C. l. cubanensis. We analysed their genetic variability based on mtDNA control region, microsatellite loci and genome-wide SNP genotypes (obtained for a subset of the samples), and found similar or higher levels of genetic diversity at all these types of loci as compared with other Eurasian populations. Although we found no evidence for a recent genetic bottleneck, genome-wide linkage disequilibrium patterns suggest a long-term demographic decline in the Caucasian population--a trend consistent with other Eurasian populations. Caucasian wolves share mtDNA haplotypes with both Eastern European and West Asian wolves, suggesting past or ongoing gene flow. Microsatellite data also suggest gene flow between the Caucasus and Eastern Europe. We found evidence for moderate admixture between the Caucasian wolves and domestic dogs, at a level comparable with other Eurasian populations. Taken together, our results show that Caucasian wolves are not genetically isolated from other Eurasian populations, share with them the same demographic trends, and are affected by similar conservation problems.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0093828
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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>SWEPUB Uppsala universitet full text</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Freely available online</collection><collection>SWEPUB Uppsala universitet</collection><collection>SwePub Articles full text</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pilot, Małgorzata</au><au>Dąbrowski, Michał J</au><au>Hayrapetyan, Vahram</au><au>Yavruyan, Eduard G</au><au>Kopaliani, Natia</au><au>Tsingarska, Elena</au><au>Bujalska, Barbara</au><au>Kamiński, Stanisław</au><au>Bogdanowicz, Wiesław</au><au>Russo, Danilo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Genetic variability of the grey wolf Canis lupus in the Caucasus in comparison with Europe and the Middle East: distinct or intermediary population?</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-04-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e93828</spage><epage>e93828</epage><pages>e93828-e93828</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Despite continuous historical distribution of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) throughout Eurasia, the species displays considerable morphological differentiation that resulted in delimitation of a number of subspecies. However, these morphological discontinuities are not always consistent with patterns of genetic differentiation. Here we assess genetic distinctiveness of grey wolves from the Caucasus (a region at the border between Europe and West Asia) that have been classified as a distinct subspecies C. l. cubanensis. We analysed their genetic variability based on mtDNA control region, microsatellite loci and genome-wide SNP genotypes (obtained for a subset of the samples), and found similar or higher levels of genetic diversity at all these types of loci as compared with other Eurasian populations. Although we found no evidence for a recent genetic bottleneck, genome-wide linkage disequilibrium patterns suggest a long-term demographic decline in the Caucasian population--a trend consistent with other Eurasian populations. Caucasian wolves share mtDNA haplotypes with both Eastern European and West Asian wolves, suggesting past or ongoing gene flow. Microsatellite data also suggest gene flow between the Caucasus and Eastern Europe. We found evidence for moderate admixture between the Caucasian wolves and domestic dogs, at a level comparable with other Eurasian populations. Taken together, our results show that Caucasian wolves are not genetically isolated from other Eurasian populations, share with them the same demographic trends, and are affected by similar conservation problems.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24714198</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0093828</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
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subjects Analysis
Animal behavior
Animal populations
Animals
Autoimmune diseases
Biogeography
Biology and Life Sciences
Canidae
Canis aureus
Canis lupus
Conservation
Demographics
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Differentiation
DNA
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Endangered & extinct species
Europe
Europe, Eastern
Gene Flow
Genetic aspects
Genetic diversity
Genetic Loci
Genetic variability
Genetic Variation
Genetics
Genetics, Population
Genomes
Genotypes
Haplotypes
Linkage disequilibrium
Loci
Lupus
Microsatellite Repeats
Microsatellites
Middle East
Mitochondrial DNA
Molecular biology
Morphology
Museums
Phylogeography
Physiological aspects
Populations
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Studies
Variability
White people
Whites
Wolves
Wolves - genetics
Zoology
title Genetic variability of the grey wolf Canis lupus in the Caucasus in comparison with Europe and the Middle East: distinct or intermediary population?
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