A comparison of the long-term effects of lanthanum carbonate and calcium carbonate on the course of chronic renal failure in rats with adriamycin-induced nephropathy

• Published in: PloS one 2014-05, Vol.9 (5), p.e97859
• Main Authors: Takashima, Tsuyoshi, Sanai, Toru, Miyazono, Motoaki, Fukuda, Makoto, Kishi, Tomoya, Nonaka, Yasunori, Yoshizaki, Mai, Sato, Sae, Ikeda, Yuji
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adenosine triphosphatase; Animals; Anthracyclines; Binding; Blood; Blood pressure; Blood Pressure - drug effects; Calcium; Calcium carbonate; Calcium Carbonate - administration & dosage; Calcium Carbonate - pharmacology; Chronic kidney failure; Creatinine; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Doxorubicin - adverse effects; Drug dosages; Equivalence; Failure; Glucuronidase - metabolism; Hemodialysis; Kidney diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic - chemically induced; Kidney Failure, Chronic - drug therapy; Kidney Failure, Chronic - physiopathology; Kidney Function Tests; Kidneys; Laboratory animals; Lanthanum; Lanthanum - administration & dosage; Lanthanum - pharmacology; Long-term effects; Male; Medical research; Medicine; Medicine and Health Sciences; Nephrology; Nephropathy; Nitrogen; Phosphate; Phosphates; Phosphorus; Proteins; Rare earth metal compounds; Rats; Renal failure; Rodents; Time Factors; Urea; Urine
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097859

Lanthanum carbonate (LA) is an effective phosphate binder. Previous study showed the phosphate-binding potency of LA was twice that of calcium carbonate (CA). No study in which LA and CA were given at an equivalent phosphate-binding potency to rats or humans with chronic renal failure for a long period has been reported to date. The objective of this study was to compare the phosphate level in serum and urine and suppression of renal deterioration during long-term LA and CA treatment when they were given at an equivalent phosphate-binding potency in rats with adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy. Rats were divided into three groups: an untreated group (ADR group), a CA-treated (ADR-CA) group and a LA-treated (ADR-LA) group. The daily oral dose of LA was 1.0 g/kg/day and CA was 2.0 g/kg/day for 24 weeks. The serum phosphate was lower in the ADR-CA or ADR-LA group than in the ADR group and significantly lower in the ADR-CA group than in the ADR group at each point, but there were no significant differences between the ADR and ADR-LA groups. The serum phosphate was also lower in the ADR-CA group than in the ADR-LA group, and there was significant difference at week 8. The urinary phosphate was significantly lower in the ADR-CA group than in the ADR or ADR-LA group at each point. The urinary phosphate was also lower in the ADR-LA group than in the ADR group at each point, and significant difference at week 8. There were no significant differences in the serum creatinine or blood urea nitrogen among the three groups. In conclusion, this study indicated the phosphate-binding potency of LA isn't twice as strong as CA, and neither LA nor CA suppressed the progression of chronic renal failure in the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, compared to the untreated group.