Comparison of diagnostic tests in distinct well-defined conditions related to dry eye disease

This study compares signs, symptoms and predictive tools used to diagnose dry eye disease (DED) and ocular surface disorders in six systemic well-defined and non-overlapping diseases. It is well known that these tests are problematic because of a lack of agreement between them in identifying these c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2014-05, Vol.9 (5), p.e97921
Main Authors: Alves, Monica, Reinach, Peter Sol, Paula, Jayter Silva, Vellasco e Cruz, Antonio Augusto, Bachette, Leticia, Faustino, Jacqueline, Aranha, Francisco Penteado, Vigorito, Afonso, de Souza, Carmino Antonio, Rocha, Eduardo Melani
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Benzalkonium chloride
Biology and Life Sciences
Chlorides
Clinical trials
Comparative analysis
Cornea
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetic retinopathy
Diagnosis
Diagnostic systems
Diagnostic tests
Diagnostic Tests, Routine - methods
Dry Eye Syndromes - complications
Dry Eye Syndromes - diagnosis
Evaluation
Eye
Eye diseases
Female
Fluorescein
Glaucoma
Graft-versus-host reaction
Humans
Immunosuppressive agents
Male
Medical diagnosis
Medical tests
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Middle Aged
Osmolarity
Paralysis
Patients
Retinopathy
Sensitivity and Specificity
Sjogren's syndrome
Staining
Surface active agents
Tearing
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Summary:This study compares signs, symptoms and predictive tools used to diagnose dry eye disease (DED) and ocular surface disorders in six systemic well-defined and non-overlapping diseases. It is well known that these tests are problematic because of a lack of agreement between them in identifying these conditions. Accordingly, we provide here a comparative clinical profile analysis of these different diseases. A spontaneous and continuous sample of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) (n=27), graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) (n=28), Graves orbitopathy (n=28), facial palsy (n=8), diabetes mellitus without proliferative retinopathy (n=14) and glaucoma who chronically received topical drugs preserved with benzalkonium chloride (n=20) were enrolled. Evaluation consisted of a comprehensive protocol encompassing: (1) structured questionnaire - Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI); (2) tear osmolarity (TearLab Osmolarity System - Ocusense); (3) tear film break-up time (TBUT); (4) fluorescein and lissamine green staining; (5) Schirmer test and (6) severity grading. One hundred and twenty five patients (aged 48.8 years-old ± 14.1, male:female ratio=0.4) were enrolled in the study, along with 24 age and gender matched controls. Higher scores on DED tests were obtained in Sjögren Syndrome (P
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0097921