The association between individual and combined components of metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease among African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study

• Published in: PloS one 2014-07, Vol.9 (7), p.e101610-e101610
• Main Authors: Mendy, Vincent L, Azevedo, Mario J, Sarpong, Daniel F, Rosas, Sylvia E, Ekundayo, Olugbemiga T, Sung, Jung Hye, Bhuiyan, Azad R, Jenkins, Brenda C, Addison, Clifton
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 21st century; Adult; Adults; African Americans; Analysis; Biology and Life Sciences; Blood; Blood glucose; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Blood Pressure; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Chronic kidney failure; Confidence intervals; Diabetes; Epidemiology; Fasting; Female; Glucose; Health risks; Health sciences; Heart; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney diseases; Kidneys; Male; Medical laboratories; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mens health; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - blood; Metabolic Syndrome - complications; Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology; Metabolic Syndrome - physiopathology; Middle Aged; Minority & ethnic groups; Mississippi; Models, Biological; Mortality; Obesity; Obesity, Abdominal - blood; Obesity, Abdominal - complications; Obesity, Abdominal - epidemiology; Obesity, Abdominal - physiopathology; Population; Regression analysis; Regression models; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - blood; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - complications; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology; Statistical analysis; Studies; Triglycerides; Triglycerides - blood; Urine; Variables; Womens health
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101610

Approximately 26.3 million people in the United States have chronic kidney disease and many more are at risk of developing the condition. The association between specific metabolic syndrome components and chronic kidney disease in African American individuals is uncertain. Baseline data from 4,933 participants of the Jackson Heart Study were analyzed. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds and 95% confidence intervals of chronic kidney disease associated with individual components, metabolic syndrome, the number of components, and specific combinations of metabolic syndrome components. Metabolic syndrome was common with a prevalence of 42.0%. Chronic kidney disease was present in 19.4% of participants. The prevalence of metabolic components was high: elevated blood pressure (71.8%), abdominal obesity (65.8%), low fasting high density lipoprotein cholesterol (37.3%), elevated fasting glucose (32.2%) and elevated triglycerides (16.2%). Elevated blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, and abdominal obesity were significantly associated with increased odds of chronic kidney disease. Participants with metabolic syndrome had a 2.22-fold (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.22; 95% CI, 1.78-2.78) increase in the odds of chronic kidney disease compared to participants without metabolic syndrome. The combination of elevated fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides, and abdominal obesity was associated with the highest odds for chronic kidney disease (AOR 25.11; 95% CI, 6.94-90.90). Metabolic syndrome as well as individual or combinations of metabolic syndrome components are independently associated with chronic kidney disease in African American adults.