Diets rich in saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids induce morphological alterations in the rat ventral prostate

• Published in: PloS one 2014-07, Vol.9 (7), p.e102876-e102876
• Main Authors: Furriel, Angélica, Campos-Silva, Pamella, Silva, Paola Cariello Guedes Picarote, Costa, Waldemar Silva, Sampaio, Francisco José Barcellos, Gregório, Bianca Martins
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acid resistance; Analysis of Variance; Angiogenesis; Animals; Antigens; Biology and Life Sciences; Body fat; Body mass; Body weight; Body Weight - drug effects; Body Weights and Measures; Carbohydrate metabolism; Carbohydrate Metabolism - drug effects; Carbohydrates; Cell proliferation; Cellular structure; Cholesterol; Density; Diabetes; Diet; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Fats - pharmacology; Enzymes; Epithelial cells; Epithelium; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids - pharmacology; Fibroblasts; Glucose; Growth factors; High fat diet; Immunohistochemistry; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Insulin Resistance - physiology; Lipids; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metabolism; Morphology; Muscles; Nutrition research; Obesity; Overweight; Physiological aspects; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Prostate; Prostate - anatomy & histology; Prostate - drug effects; Prostate - metabolism; Prostate cancer; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Research and Analysis Methods; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Rodents; Saturated fatty acids; Serum levels; Smooth muscle; Unsaturated fatty acids
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102876

To evaluate the influence of dietary lipid quality on the body mass, carbohydrate metabolism and morphology of the rat ventral prostate. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: SC (standard chow), HF-S (high-fat diet rich in saturated fatty acids), HF-P (high-fat diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids) and HF-SP (high-fat diet rich in saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids). We analyzed body mass, fat mass deposits, plasma blood, insulin resistance and the ventral prostate structure. Groups that received high-fat diets were heavier and presented larger fat deposits than SC group. The HF-S and HF-SP groups had higher glucose, insulin and total cholesterol serum levels and insulin resistance compared with the SC. The acinar area, epithelium height and area density of the lumen were higher in the HF-SP than in the other groups. The epithelium area density and epithelial cell proliferation were greater in the HF-P and HF-SP than in the SC group. All of the groups that received high-fat diets had greater area density of the stroma, area density of smooth muscle cells and stromal cell proliferation compared with the SC group. Diets rich in saturated and/or polyunsaturated fatty acids induced overweight. Independently of insulin resistance, polyunsaturated fatty acids increased prostate stromal and epithelial cell proliferation. Saturated fatty acids influenced only stromal cellular proliferation. These structural and morphometric alterations may be considered risk factors for the development of adverse remodeling process in the rat ventral prostate.