Analysis of Clonostachys rosea-induced resistance to tomato gray mold disease in tomato leaves

• Published in: PloS one 2014-07, Vol.9 (7), p.e102690-e102690
• Main Authors: Mouekouba, Liana Dalcantara Ongouya, Zhang, Lili, Guan, Xin, Chen, Xiuling, Chen, Hongyu, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Junfeng, Li, Jingfu, Yang, Yijun, Wang, Aoxue
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural production; ATP synthase; Biological control; Biological pest control; Biology and Life Sciences; Botrytis - drug effects; Botrytis - pathogenicity; Botrytis cinerea; Clonostachys rosea; Comparative analysis; Corn; Disease resistance; Disease Resistance - drug effects; Enzymes; Flowers & plants; Fungi; Fungi - drug effects; Fungi - pathogenicity; Gel electrophoresis; Gene expression; Horticulture; Hydrogen peroxide; Hypocreales - chemistry; Indoleacetic acid; Infections; Kinases; Leaves; Life sciences; MAP kinase; Microorganisms; Mold; Pesticides; Plant diseases; Plant Diseases - microbiology; Plant Growth Regulators - biosynthesis; Plant hormones; Plant immunity; Plant Leaves - drug effects; Plant Leaves - microbiology; Plant Proteins - biosynthesis; Plant Proteins - drug effects; Proteins; Resistance factors; Second Messenger Systems - drug effects; Second messengers; Solanum lycopersicum; Solanum lycopersicum - drug effects; Solanum lycopersicum - growth & development; Solanum lycopersicum - microbiology; Spectrum analysis; Tobacco; Tomatoes; Transcription factors; Two dimensional analysis; Xylosidase
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102690

Tomato gray mold disease, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is a serious disease in tomato. Clonostachys rosea is an antagonistic microorganism to B. cinerea. To investigate the induced resistance mechanism of C. rosea, we examined the effects of these microorganisms on tomato leaves, along with changes in the activities of three defense enzymes (PAL, PPO, GST), second messengers (NO, H2O2, O2(-)) and phytohormones (IAA, ABA, GA3, ZT, MeJA, SA and C2H4). Compared to the control, all treatments induced higher levels of PAL, PPO and GST activity in tomato leaves and increased NO, SA and GA3 levels. The expression of WRKY and MAPK, two important transcription factors in plant disease resistance, was upregulated in C. rosea- and C. rosea plus B. cinerea-treated samples. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis showed that two abundant proteins were present in the C. rosea plus B. cinerea-treated samples but not in the other samples. These proteins were determined (by mass spectrum analysis) to be LEXYL2 (β-xylosidase) and ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunit. Therefore, C. rosea plus B. cinerea treatment induces gray mold resistance in tomato. This study provides a basis for elucidating the mechanism of C. rosea as a biocontrol agent.