Factors associated with beta-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes: the BETADECLINE study

• Published in: PloS one 2014-10, Vol.9 (10), p.e109702-e109702
• Main Authors: Russo, Giuseppina T, Giorda, Carlo Bruno, Cercone, Stefania, Nicolucci, Antonio, Cucinotta, Domenico
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Alcohol; Apoptosis; Beta cells; Blood glucose; Body mass; C-reactive protein; Cholesterol; Committees; Confidence intervals; Consent; Cytokines; Development and progression; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - etiology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Drugs; Esterification; Ethics; Fatty acids; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glucose; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; Hemoglobin; Hemoglobins; High density lipoprotein; Humans; Hypertension; Hypoglycemic agents; Inflammation; Infrared radiation; Insulin; Insulin - metabolism; Insulin Resistance; Insulin-Secreting Cells - metabolism; Low density lipoprotein; Low density lipoproteins; Male; Males; Mathematical analysis; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Multivariate analysis; Pancreatic beta cells; Pathogenesis; Population studies; Proinsulin - metabolism; Prospective Studies; Quartiles; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Serum levels; Triglycerides; Type 2 diabetes; Womens health
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109702

Beta-cell dysfunction is an early event in the natural history of type 2 diabetes. However, its progression is variable and potentially influenced by several clinical factors. We report the baseline data of the BetaDecline study, an Italian prospective multicenter study on clinical predictors of beta-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Clinical, lifestyle, and laboratory data, including circulating levels of inflammatory markers and non-esterified fatty acids, were collected in 507 type 2 diabetic outpatients on stable treatment with oral hypoglycemic drugs or diet for more than 1 year. Beta-cell dysfunction was evaluated by calculating the proinsulin/insulin ratio (P/I). At baseline, the subjects in the upper PI/I ratio quartile were more likely to be men and receiving secretagogue drugs; they also showed a borderline longer diabetes duration (P = 0.06) and higher serum levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, and triglycerides. An inverse trend across all PI/I quartiles was noted for BMI and serum levels of total cholesterol (T-C), LDL-C, HDL-C and C reactive protein (CRP), and with homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-B) and HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values (P