Diet with diphenyl diselenide mitigates quinclorac toxicity in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

• Published in: PloS one 2014-12, Vol.9 (12), p.e114233
• Main Authors: Menezes, Charlene, Ruiz-Jarabo, Ignacio, Martos-Sitcha, Juan Antonio, Leitemperger, Jossiele, Baldisserotto, Bernardo, Mancera, Juan Miguel, Rosemberg, Denis Broock, Loro, Vania Lucia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acids; Amino acids; Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic acid; Ascorbic Acid - metabolism; Aspartate aminotransferase; Benzene Derivatives - administration & dosage; Biology and Life Sciences; Biphenyl (Compound); Carbohydrates; Carbonyl compounds; Carbonyls; Catalase; Catalase - genetics; Catalase - metabolism; Catfish; Catfishes - metabolism; Cortisol; Cyprinus carpio; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Energy metabolism; Enzymatic activity; Enzymes; Fish; Fish Proteins - genetics; Fish Proteins - metabolism; Fishes; Fructose; Gills; Glucocorticoids; Glucose; Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase; Glucosephosphate dehydrogenase; Glutathione; Glutathione transferase; Glutathione Transferase - genetics; Glutathione Transferase - metabolism; Glycogen; Herbicides; Herbicides - toxicity; Lactic acid; Leporinus obtusidens; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Liver; Liver - drug effects; Liver - enzymology; Metabolism; Metabolites; Organic acids; Organoselenium Compounds - administration & dosage; Osmoregulation; Oxidation; Oxidative metabolism; Oxidative Stress; Parameters; Peroxidation; Physiological aspects; Protective Agents - administration & dosage; Proteins; Quinolines - toxicity; Rhamdia quelen; Selenium; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - genetics; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Superoxides; Thiobarbituric acid; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism; Thiols; Toxicity
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114233

In this study, the protective effects of diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2] on quinclorac- induced toxicity were investigated in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The fish were fed for 60 days with a diet in the absence or in the presence of 3.0 mg/Kg (PhSe)2. Animals were further exposed to 1 mg/L quinclorac for 8 days. At the end of experimental period, fish were euthanized and biopsies from liver and gills, as well as blood samples, were collected. The cortisol and metabolic parameters were determined in plasma, and those enzyme activities related to osmoregulation were assayed in the gills. In liver, some important enzyme activities of the intermediary metabolism and oxidative stress-related parameters, such as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), protein carbonyl, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), nonprotein thiols (NPSH) and ascorbic acid contents were also evaluated. Compared to the control group, quinclorac exposure significantly decreased hepatosomatic index and increased cortisol and lactate values in plasma. Moreover, the activities of fructose biphosphatase (FBPase), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6Pase), glycogen phosphorilase (GPase) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly increased in liver. Quinclorac also induced lipid peroxidation while the activity of SOD, NPSH and ascorbic acid levels decreased in the liver. However, dietary (PhSe)2 reduced the herbicide-induced effects on the studied parameters. In conclusion, (PhSe)2 has beneficial properties based on its ability to attenuate toxicity induced by quinclorac by regulating energy metabolism and oxidative stress-related parameters.