Prevalence, pharmacological treatment, and control of cardiometabolic risk factors among older people in central Stockholm: a population-based study

• Published in: PloS one 2015-03, Vol.10 (3), p.e0119582-e0119582
• Main Authors: Wang, Rui, Fratiglioni, Laura, Liang, Yajun, Welmer, Anna-Karin, Xu, Weili, Mangialasche, Francesca, Johnell, Kristina, Qiu, Chengxuan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Activities of daily living; Adult; Adults; Age; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Blood Glucose - analysis; Blood pressure; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - pathology; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL - analysis; Cholesterol, LDL - analysis; Clustering; Demographics; Demography; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Diabetes Mellitus - physiopathology; Drug therapy; Drugs; Female; Gerontology; Glucose; Glycated Hemoglobin A - analysis; Health risk assessment; Health risks; Heart diseases; Hemoglobin; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia - complications; Hypercholesterolemia - drug therapy; Hypercholesterolemia - epidemiology; Hypertension; Hypertension - complications; Hypertension - drug therapy; Hypertension - epidemiology; Laboratory tests; Male; Medical research; Middle Aged; Obesity; Obesity - complications; Obesity - drug therapy; Obesity - epidemiology; Older people; Pharmacology; Population studies; Population-based studies; Prevalence; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology); Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Risk management; Sex Factors; Studies; Sweden - epidemiology; Triglycerides - analysis
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119582

Cardiometabolic risk factors and related cardiovascular diseases represent major threats to healthy aging. We aimed to estimate distribution, pharmacological treatment, and control of main cardiometabolic risk factors among older people. This population-based study included 3363 participants (age≥60 years, 64.9% women) in the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, in central Stockholm, Sweden (2001-2004). Data on demographics, cardiometabolic risk factors (hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol), and medication use were collected through face-to-face interviews, clinical examinations, laboratory tests, and the inpatient register. Cardiometabolic risk factors were defined following the most commonly used criteria. Prevalence was standardized using local census data. The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of diabetes, obesity, high cholesterol, and hypertension was 9.5%, 12.8%, 49.7%, and 74.9%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes increased with age, whereas the prevalence of obesity and high cholesterol decreased with age. Forty-nine percent of older adults had two or more cardiometabolic risk factors; 9.8% had three or more. Overall, 55.5% of people with hypertension, 50.3% with diabetes, and 25.0% with high cholesterol received pharmacological treatment. Of those treated pharmacologically, 49.4%, 38.1%, and 85.5% reached therapeutic goals for hypertension (blood pressure