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Yellowstone wolves and the forces that structure natural systems

Since their introduction in 1995 and 1996, wolves have had effects on Yellowstone that ripple across the entire structure of the food web that defines biodiversity in the Northern Rockies ecosystem. Ecological interpretations of the wolves have generated a significant amount of debate about the rela...

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Published in:	PLoS biology 2014-12, Vol.12 (12), p.e1002025-e1002025
Main Author:	Dobson, Andy P
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Animal populations Animals Behavior, Animal Biology and Life Sciences Distribution Ecology Ecology and Environmental Sciences Ecosystem Environmental aspects Food Chain Food chains National parks Science Policy Species Specificity Wolves Wolves - physiology Wyoming
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description	Since their introduction in 1995 and 1996, wolves have had effects on Yellowstone that ripple across the entire structure of the food web that defines biodiversity in the Northern Rockies ecosystem. Ecological interpretations of the wolves have generated a significant amount of debate about the relative strength of top-down versus bottom-up forces in determining herbivore and vegetation abundance in Yellowstone. Debates such as this are central to the resolution of broader debates about the role of natural enemies and climate as forces that structure food webs and modify ecosystem function. Ecologists need to significantly raise the profile of these discussions; understanding the forces that structure food webs and determine species abundance and the supply of ecosystem services is one of the central scientific questions for this century; its complexity will require new minds, new mathematics, and significant, consistent funding.
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subjects	Animal populations Animals Behavior, Animal Biology and Life Sciences Distribution Ecology Ecology and Environmental Sciences Ecosystem Environmental aspects Food Chain Food chains National parks Science Policy Species Specificity Wolves Wolves - physiology Wyoming
title	Yellowstone wolves and the forces that structure natural systems
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