Longitudinal Survey of Carotenoids in Human Milk from Urban Cohorts in China, Mexico, and the USA

Emerging evidence indicates that carotenoids may have particular roles in infant nutrition and development, yet data on the profile and bioavailability of carotenoids from human milk remain sparse. Milk was longitudinally collected at 2, 4, 13, and 26 weeks postpartum from twenty mothers each in Chi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2015-06, Vol.10 (6), p.e0127729-e0127729
Main Authors: Lipkie, Tristan E, Morrow, Ardythe L, Jouni, Zeina E, McMahon, Robert J, Ferruzzi, Mario G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age
Babies
Baby foods
Beta carotene
Bioavailability
Breast milk
Breastfeeding & lactation
Carotenoids
Carotenoids - analysis
China
Chromatography
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Demographics
Diet
Female
Food science
High-performance liquid chromatography
Hospitals
Human nutrition
Humans
Infant
Infant nutrition
Infant, Newborn
Lactation
Lipids
Liquid chromatography
Longitudinal Studies
Lutein
Lycopene
Mexico
Middle Aged
Milk
Milk, Human - chemistry
Neonates
Newborn babies
Nutrition
Oils & fats
Oxidation
Phytochemicals
Plasma - chemistry
Postpartum
Postpartum Period
Surveys
United States
Urban Population
Vitamin A
Young Adult
β-Carotene
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Summary:Emerging evidence indicates that carotenoids may have particular roles in infant nutrition and development, yet data on the profile and bioavailability of carotenoids from human milk remain sparse. Milk was longitudinally collected at 2, 4, 13, and 26 weeks postpartum from twenty mothers each in China, Mexico, and the USA in the Global Exploration of Human Milk Study (n = 60 donors, n = 240 samples). Maternal and neonatal plasma was analyzed for carotenoids from the USA cohort at 4 weeks postpartum. Carotenoids were analyzed by HPLC and total lipids by Creamatocrit. Across all countries and lactation stages, the top four carotenoids were lutein (median 114.4 nmol/L), β-carotene (49.4 nmol/L), β-cryptoxanthin (33.8 nmol/L), and lycopene (33.7 nmol/L). Non-provitamin A carotenoids (nmol/L) and total lipids (g/L) decreased (p0.05) with lactation stage. Total carotenoid content and lutein content were greatest from China, yet lycopene was lowest from China (p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0127729