Multimorbidity Patterns in Hospitalized Older Patients: Associations among Chronic Diseases and Geriatric Syndromes

• Published in: PloS one 2015-07, Vol.10 (7), p.e0132909-e0132909
• Main Authors: Clerencia-Sierra, Mercedes, Calderón-Larrañaga, Amaia, Martínez-Velilla, Nicolás, Vergara-Mitxeltorena, Itziar, Aldaz-Herce, Pablo, Poblador-Plou, Beatriz, Machón-Sobrado, Mónica, Egüés-Olazabal, Nerea, Abellán-van Kan, Gabor, Prados-Torres, Alexandra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging - physiology; Arrhythmia; Biocompatibility; Biomedical materials; Chronic Disease - epidemiology; Chronic illnesses; Cognitive ability; Comorbidity; Dementia - epidemiology; Dementia disorders; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Diseases; Disorders; Factor analysis; Female; Geriatric Assessment; Health problems; Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension - epidemiology; Male; Medical personnel; Multimorbidity; Observational studies; Older people; Patients; Physicians; Population studies; Retrospective Studies; Spain - epidemiology; Studies; Syndrome; Systematic review; Urinary incontinence; Urinary Incontinence - epidemiology
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132909

The clinical status of older individuals with multimorbidity can be further complicated by concomitant geriatric syndromes. This study explores multimorbidity patterns, encompassing both chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes, in geriatric patients attended in an acute hospital setting. Retrospective observational study. Unit of Social and Clinical Assessment (UVSS), Miguel Servet University Hospital (HUMS), Zaragoza (Spain). Year, 2011. A total of 924 hospitalized patients aged 65 years or older. Data on patients' clinical, functional, cognitive and social statuses were gathered through comprehensive geriatric assessments. To identify diseases and/or geriatric syndromes that cluster into patterns, an exploratory factor analysis was applied, stratifying by sex. The factors can be interpreted as multimorbidity patterns, i.e., diseases non-randomly associated with each other within the study population. The resulting patterns were clinically assessed by several physicians. The mean age of the study population was 82.1 years (SD 7.2). Multimorbidity burden was lower in men under 80 years, but increased in those over 80. Immobility, urinary incontinence, hypertension, falls, dementia, cognitive decline, diabetes and arrhythmia were among the 10 most frequent health problems in both sexes, with prevalence rates above 20%. Four multimorbidity patterns were identified that were present in both sexes: Cardiovascular, Induced Dependency, Falls and Osteoarticular. The number of conditions comprising these patterns was similar in men and women. The existence of specific multimorbidity patterns in geriatric patients, such as the Induced Dependency and Falls patterns, may facilitate the early detection of vulnerability to stressors, thus helping to avoid negative health outcomes such as functional disability.