Sympathetic Tone Induced by High Acoustic Tempo Requires Fast Respiration

Many studies have revealed the influences of music, and particularly its tempo, on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and respiration patterns. Since there is the interaction between the ANS and the respiratory system, namely sympatho-respiratory coupling, it is possible that the effect of musical t...

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Published in:PloS one 2015-08, Vol.10 (8), p.e0135589-e0135589
Main Authors: Watanabe, Ken, Ooishi, Yuuki, Kashino, Makio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acoustics
Adolescent
Adult
Autonomic nervous system
Blood pressure
Drum
Electrocardiography
Heart rate
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
Laboratories
Music
Musicians & conductors
Neurosciences
Respiration
Respiratory rate
Respiratory Rate - physiology
Respiratory system
Sympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic Nervous System - physiology
Young Adult
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Ooishi, Yuuki
Kashino, Makio
description Many studies have revealed the influences of music, and particularly its tempo, on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and respiration patterns. Since there is the interaction between the ANS and the respiratory system, namely sympatho-respiratory coupling, it is possible that the effect of musical tempo on the ANS is modulated by the respiratory system. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the relationship between musical tempo and respiratory rate on the ANS. Fifty-two healthy people aged 18-35 years participated in this study. Their respiratory rates were controlled by using a silent electronic metronome and they listened to simple drum sounds with a constant tempo. We varied the respiratory rate-acoustic tempo combination. The respiratory rate was controlled at 15 or 20 cycles per minute (CPM) and the acoustic tempo was 60 or 80 beats per minute (BPM) or the environment was silent. Electrocardiograms and an elastic chest band were used to measure the heart rate and respiratory rate, respectively. The mean heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were regarded as indices of ANS activity. We observed a significant increase in the mean heart rate and the low (0.04-0.15 Hz) to high (0.15-0.40 Hz) frequency ratio of HRV, only when the respiratory rate was controlled at 20 CPM and the acoustic tempo was 80 BPM. We suggest that the effect of acoustic tempo on the sympathetic tone is modulated by the respiratory system.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0135589
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subjects Acoustics
Adolescent
Adult
Autonomic nervous system
Blood pressure
Drum
Electrocardiography
Heart rate
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
Laboratories
Music
Musicians & conductors
Neurosciences
Respiration
Respiratory rate
Respiratory Rate - physiology
Respiratory system
Sympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic Nervous System - physiology
Young Adult
title Sympathetic Tone Induced by High Acoustic Tempo Requires Fast Respiration
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