Increased Circulating Cathepsin K in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

• Published in: PloS one 2015-08, Vol.10 (8), p.e0136093-e0136093
• Main Authors: Zhao, Guangxian, Li, Yuzi, Cui, Lan, Li, Xiang, Jin, Zhenyi, Han, Xiongyi, Fang, Ennan, Gao, Yihua, Zhou, Dongmei, Jiang, Haiying, Jin, Xueying, Piao, Guanghao, Li, Xiangshan, Yang, Guang, Jin, Jiyong, Zhu, Enbo, Piao, Meina, Piao, Limei, Yuan, Kuichang, Lei, Yanna, Ding, Dazhi, Jin, Chengzhi, Nan, Yongshan, Cheng, Xianwu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Angiogenesis; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain natriuretic peptide; C-reactive protein; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Calcium-binding protein; Cardiology; Cardiomyopathy; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cathepsin K; Cathepsin K - blood; Cathepsins; Collagen; Confidence intervals; Correlation analysis; Development and progression; Diabetes; Echocardiography; Enzymes; Extracellular matrix; Extracellular Matrix - genetics; Female; Genetic aspects; Heart diseases; Heart failure; Heart Failure - blood; Heart Failure - physiopathology; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension - blood; Hypertension - physiopathology; Ischemia; Laboratories; Lipoproteins; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain - blood; Patients; Physiological aspects; Proteins; Regression Analysis; Rodents; Statistical analysis; Troponin; Troponin I; Troponin I - blood; Values; Ventricle; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - blood; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136093

Cysteinyl cathepsin K (CatK) is one of the most potent mammalian collagenases involved in cardiovascular disease. Here, we investigated the clinical predictive value of serum CatK levels in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We examined 134 patients with CHF, measuring their serum CatK, troponin I, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, and pre-operative N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels. The patients were divided into two groups: the 44 patients who showed a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% (the "lowLVEF" group) and the 90 patients showing LVEF values ≥ 40% (the "highLVEF" group). The lowLVEF patients had significantly higher serum CatK levels compared to the highLVEF patients (58.4 ± 12.2 vs. 44.7 ± 16.4, P < 0.001). Overall, a linear regression analysis showed that CatK levels correlated negatively with LVEF (r = -0.4, P < 0.001) and positively with LV end-diastolic dimensions (r = 0.2, P < 0.01), LV end-systolic dimensions (r = 0.3, P < 0.001), and left atrial diameters (r = 0.3, P < 0.01). A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that CatK levels were independent predictors of CHF (odds ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.84-0.95; P < 0.01). These data indicate that elevated levels of CatK are closely associated with the presence of CHF and that the measurement of circulating CatK provides a noninvasive method of documenting and monitoring the extent of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in patients with CHF.