Assessment of the Impact of Potential Tetracycline Exposure on the Phenotype of Aedes aegypti OX513A: Implications for Field Use

• Published in: PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2015-08, Vol.9 (8), p.e0003999-e0003999
• Main Authors: Curtis, Zoe, Matzen, Kelly, Neira Oviedo, Marco, Nimmo, Derric, Gray, Pamela, Winskill, Peter, Locatelli, Marco A F, Jardim, Wilson F, Warner, Simon, Alphey, Luke, Beech, Camilla
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aedes - classification; Aedes - drug effects; Aedes - genetics; Aedes aegypti; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Binding sites; Chlortetracycline - pharmacology; Dengue fever; Disease; Doxycycline - pharmacology; Female; Females; Fresh Water - chemistry; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Genes, Lethal; Genotype & phenotype; Heterozygote; Insect Vectors - classification; Insect Vectors - drug effects; Insect Vectors - genetics; Laboratories; Larva - drug effects; Larva - genetics; Male; Males; Mosquitoes; Oxytetracycline - pharmacology; Phenotype; Public health administration; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; Viral infections
• ISSN: 1935-2735; 1935-2727; 1935-2735
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003999

Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of dengue fever, a viral disease which has an estimated incidence of 390 million infections annually. Conventional vector control methods have been unable to curb the transmission of the disease. We have previously reported a novel method of vector control using a tetracycline repressible self-limiting strain of Ae. aegypti OX513A which has achieved >90% suppression of wild populations. We investigated the impact of tetracycline and its analogues on the phenotype of OX513A from the perspective of possible routes and levels of environmental exposure. We determined the minimum concentration of tetracycline and its analogues that will allow an increased survivorship and found these to be greater than the maximum concentration of tetracyclines found in known Ae. aegypti breeding sites and their surrounding areas. Furthermore, we determined that OX513A parents fed tetracycline are unable to pre-load their progeny with sufficient antidote to increase their survivorship. Finally, we studied the changes in concentration of tetracycline in the mass production rearing water of OX513A and the developing insect. Together, these studies demonstrate that potential routes of exposure of OX513A individuals to tetracycline and its analogues in the environment are not expected to increase the survivorship of OX513A.