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Value of Routine Dengue Diagnostic Tests in Urine and Saliva Specimens

Dengue laboratory diagnosis is essentially based on detection of the virus, its components or antibodies directed against the virus in blood samples. Blood, however, may be difficult to draw in some patients, especially in children, and sampling during outbreak investigations or epidemiological stud...

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Published in:PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2015-09, Vol.9 (9), p.e0004100-e0004100
Main Authors: Andries, Anne-Claire, Duong, Veasna, Ly, Sowath, Cappelle, Julien, Kim, Kim Srorn, Lorn Try, Patrich, Ros, Sopheaktra, Ong, Sivuth, Huy, Rekol, Horwood, Paul, Flamand, Marie, Sakuntabhai, Anavaj, Tarantola, Arnaud, Buchy, Philippe
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c667t-f8739e2588021bffe54e68c0f0b1a34022d2f87ed7a4cdee3f9d2282ac49ba673
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creator Andries, Anne-Claire
Duong, Veasna
Ly, Sowath
Cappelle, Julien
Kim, Kim Srorn
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Huy, Rekol
Horwood, Paul
Flamand, Marie
Sakuntabhai, Anavaj
Tarantola, Arnaud
Buchy, Philippe
description Dengue laboratory diagnosis is essentially based on detection of the virus, its components or antibodies directed against the virus in blood samples. Blood, however, may be difficult to draw in some patients, especially in children, and sampling during outbreak investigations or epidemiological studies may face logistical challenges or limited compliance to invasive procedures from subjects. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using saliva and urine samples instead of blood for dengue diagnosis. Serial plasma, urine and saliva samples were collected at several time-points between the day of admission to hospital until three months after the onset of fever in children with confirmed dengue disease. Quantitative RT-PCR, NS1 antigen capture and ELISA serology for anti-DENV antibody (IgG, IgM and IgA) detection were performed in parallel on the three body fluids. RT-PCR and NS1 tests demonstrated an overall sensitivity of 85.4%/63.4%, 41.6%/14.5% and 39%/28.3%, in plasma, urine and saliva specimens, respectively. When urine and saliva samples were collected at the same time-points and tested concurrently, the diagnostic sensitivity of RNA and NS1 detection assays was 69.1% and 34.4%, respectively. IgG/IgA detection assays had an overall sensitivity of 54.4%/37.4%, 38.5%/26.8% and 52.9%/28.6% in plasma, urine and saliva specimens, respectively. IgM were detected in 38.1% and 36% of the plasma and saliva samples but never in urine. Although the performances of the different diagnostic methods were not as good in saliva and urine as in plasma specimens, the results obtained by qRT-PCR and by anti-DENV antibody ELISA could well justify the use of these two body fluids to detect dengue infection in situations when the collection of blood specimens is not possible.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004100
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IgM were detected in 38.1% and 36% of the plasma and saliva samples but never in urine. Although the performances of the different diagnostic methods were not as good in saliva and urine as in plasma specimens, the results obtained by qRT-PCR and by anti-DENV antibody ELISA could well justify the use of these two body fluids to detect dengue infection in situations when the collection of blood specimens is not possible.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26406240</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pntd.0004100</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9099-6937</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6946-7958</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0353-1678</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7104-7418</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adolescent
Antibodies, Viral - analysis
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antibodies, Viral - urine
Antigens
Body fluids
Cambodia
Child
Child, Preschool
Dengue
Dengue - blood
Dengue - diagnosis
Dengue - epidemiology
Dengue - urine
Dengue fever
Dengue Virus - genetics
Dengue Virus - immunology
Dengue Virus - isolation & purification
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
Disease
Disease Progression
Distribution
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Female
Funding
Genome, Viral
Genomes
Hospitals
Humans
Immunoglobulin Isotypes - analysis
Immunoglobulin Isotypes - blood
Immunoglobulin Isotypes - urine
Infections
Laboratories
Life Sciences
Male
Microbiology and Parasitology
Molecular diagnostic techniques
Patients
Physiological aspects
Plasma
Plasma - chemistry
Plasma - immunology
Plasma - virology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA, Viral - isolation & purification
Saliva
Saliva - chemistry
Saliva - immunology
Saliva - virology
Salivary glands
secretions
Studies
Urine
Urine - chemistry
Urine - physiology
Urine - virology
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - analysis
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - blood
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - urine
title Value of Routine Dengue Diagnostic Tests in Urine and Saliva Specimens
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