Serum Levels of Soluble CD26/Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Association with Metabolic Syndrome and Therapy with Antidiabetic Agents in Malaysian Subjects

• Published in: PloS one 2015-10, Vol.10 (10), p.e0140618-e0140618
• Main Authors: Ahmed, Radwan H, Huri, Hasniza Zaman, Al-Hamodi, Zaid, Salem, Sameer D, Muniandy, Sekaran
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antidiabetics; Biochemistry; Blood pressure; Body mass; Body mass index; Body size; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 - blood; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 - chemistry; Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV; Drug therapy; Enzymatic activity; Fasting; Fasting - blood; Female; Genetic aspects; Glucagon; Glucagon-like peptide 1; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 - blood; Glucose; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; Health aspects; Homeostasis; Humans; Hypertension; Hypoglycemic agents; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Low density lipoprotein; Low density lipoproteins; Malaysia; Male; Medicine; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - complications; Metformin; Metformin - pharmacology; Metformin - therapeutic use; Middle Aged; Molecular biology; Patients; Peptidase; Physiological aspects; Polypeptides; Serum levels; Solubility; Studies; Therapy; Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140618

A soluble form of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (sCD26/DPP-IV) induces DPP-IV enzymatic activity that degrades incretin. We investigated fasting serum levels of sCD26/DPP-IV and active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in Malaysian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as the associations between sCD26/DPP-IV levels, MetS, and antidiabetic therapy. We assessed sCD26/DPP-IV levels, active GLP-1 levels, body mass index (BMI), glucose, insulin, A1c, glucose homeostasis indices, and lipid profiles in 549 Malaysian subjects (including 257 T2DM patients with MetS, 57 T2DM patients without MetS, 71 non-diabetics with MetS, and 164 control subjects without diabetes or metabolic syndrome). Fasting serum levels of sCD26/DPP-IV were significantly higher in T2DM patients with and without MetS than in normal subjects. Likewise, sCD26/DPP-IV levels were significantly higher in patients with T2DM and MetS than in non-diabetic patients with MetS. However, active GLP-1 levels were significantly lower in T2DM patients both with and without MetS than in normal subjects. In T2DM subjects, sCD26/DPP-IV levels were associated with significantly higher A1c levels, but were significantly lower in patients using monotherapy with metformin. In addition, no significant differences in sCD26/DPP-IV levels were found between diabetic subjects with and without MetS. Furthermore, sCD26/DPP-IV levels were negatively correlated with active GLP-1 levels in T2DM patients both with and without MetS. In normal subjects, sCD26/DPP-IV levels were associated with increased BMI, cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) levels. Serum sCD26/DPP-IV levels increased in T2DM subjects with and without MetS. Active GLP-1 levels decreased in T2DM patients both with and without MetS. In addition, sCD26/DPP-IV levels were associated with Alc levels and negatively correlated with active GLP-1 levels. Moreover, metformin monotherapy was associated with reduced sCD26/DPP-IV levels. In normal subjects, sCD26/DPP-IV levels were associated with increased BMI, cholesterol, and LDL-c.