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Hypoxia Induces a Prothrombotic State Independently of the Physical Activity
Hypoxia (oxygen deprivation) is known to be associated with deep vein thrombosis and venous thromboembolism. We attempted to get a better comprehension of its mechanism by going to high altitude, thereby including the potential contributing role of physical activity. Two groups of 15 healthy individ...
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Published in: | PloS one 2015-10, Vol.10 (10), p.e0141797-e0141797 |
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creator | Ninivaggi, Marisa de Laat, Marieke Lancé, Marcus M D Kicken, Cécile H Pelkmans, Leonie Bloemen, Saartje Dirks, Marlou L van Loon, Luc J C Govers-Riemslag, José W P Lindhout, Theo Konings, Joke de Laat, Bas |
description | Hypoxia (oxygen deprivation) is known to be associated with deep vein thrombosis and venous thromboembolism. We attempted to get a better comprehension of its mechanism by going to high altitude, thereby including the potential contributing role of physical activity. Two groups of 15 healthy individuals were exposed to hypoxia by going to an altitude of 3900 meters, either by climbing actively (active group) or transported passively by cable car (passive group). Both groups were tested for plasma fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and factor VIII levels, fibrinolysis, thrombin generating capacity, heart rate, oxygen saturation levels and blood pressure. As a control for the passive group, 7 healthy volunteers stayed immobile in bed for 7 days at normoxic conditions. The heart rate increased and oxygen saturation levels decreased with increasing altitude. Fibrinolysis and fibrinogen levels were not affected. Factor VIII and von Willebrand factor levels levels increased significantly in the active group, but not in the passive group. Plasma thrombin generation remained unchanged in both the active and passive group with increasing altitude and during 7 days of immobility in healthy subjects. However, by applying whole blood thrombin generation, we found an increased peak height and endogenous thrombin potential, and a decreased lagtime and time-to-peak with increasing levels of hypoxia in both groups. In conclusion, by applying whole blood thrombin generation we demonstrated that hypoxia causes a prothrombotic state. As thrombin generation in plasma did not increase, our results suggest that the cellular part of the blood is involved in the prothrombotic phenotype induced by hypoxia. |
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We attempted to get a better comprehension of its mechanism by going to high altitude, thereby including the potential contributing role of physical activity. Two groups of 15 healthy individuals were exposed to hypoxia by going to an altitude of 3900 meters, either by climbing actively (active group) or transported passively by cable car (passive group). Both groups were tested for plasma fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and factor VIII levels, fibrinolysis, thrombin generating capacity, heart rate, oxygen saturation levels and blood pressure. As a control for the passive group, 7 healthy volunteers stayed immobile in bed for 7 days at normoxic conditions. The heart rate increased and oxygen saturation levels decreased with increasing altitude. Fibrinolysis and fibrinogen levels were not affected. Factor VIII and von Willebrand factor levels levels increased significantly in the active group, but not in the passive group. Plasma thrombin generation remained unchanged in both the active and passive group with increasing altitude and during 7 days of immobility in healthy subjects. However, by applying whole blood thrombin generation, we found an increased peak height and endogenous thrombin potential, and a decreased lagtime and time-to-peak with increasing levels of hypoxia in both groups. In conclusion, by applying whole blood thrombin generation we demonstrated that hypoxia causes a prothrombotic state. As thrombin generation in plasma did not increase, our results suggest that the cellular part of the blood is involved in the prothrombotic phenotype induced by hypoxia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141797</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26516774</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Air travel ; Altitude ; Altitude Sickness - blood ; Altitude Sickness - physiopathology ; Anesthesiology ; Anticoagulants ; Biochemistry ; Blood ; Blood coagulation factors ; Blood Pressure ; Care and treatment ; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; Climbing ; Coagulation factors ; Deprivation ; Development and progression ; Exercise ; Family medical history ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; Fibrinogen - metabolism ; Fibrinolysis ; Generating capacity ; Health aspects ; Health risk assessment ; Heart Rate ; High altitude ; High-altitude environments ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Male ; Measuring instruments ; Metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition ; Oxygen ; Oxygen content ; Patient outcomes ; Phenotypes ; Physical activity ; Physical fitness ; Prothrombin - metabolism ; Saturation ; Studies ; Thrombin ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombosis ; Von Willebrand factor</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2015-10, Vol.10 (10), p.e0141797-e0141797</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2015 Ninivaggi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2015 Ninivaggi et al 2015 Ninivaggi et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-c551193a76f3e2694de641593c710f85a76a2381ee2f734d5efaf31190475f093</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-c551193a76f3e2694de641593c710f85a76a2381ee2f734d5efaf31190475f093</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1728400245/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1728400245?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516774$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Gandara, Esteban</contributor><creatorcontrib>Ninivaggi, Marisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Laat, Marieke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lancé, Marcus M D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kicken, Cécile H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pelkmans, Leonie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bloemen, Saartje</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dirks, Marlou L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Loon, Luc J C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Govers-Riemslag, José W P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindhout, Theo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Konings, Joke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Laat, Bas</creatorcontrib><title>Hypoxia Induces a Prothrombotic State Independently of the Physical Activity</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Hypoxia (oxygen deprivation) is known to be associated with deep vein thrombosis and venous thromboembolism. We attempted to get a better comprehension of its mechanism by going to high altitude, thereby including the potential contributing role of physical activity. Two groups of 15 healthy individuals were exposed to hypoxia by going to an altitude of 3900 meters, either by climbing actively (active group) or transported passively by cable car (passive group). Both groups were tested for plasma fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and factor VIII levels, fibrinolysis, thrombin generating capacity, heart rate, oxygen saturation levels and blood pressure. As a control for the passive group, 7 healthy volunteers stayed immobile in bed for 7 days at normoxic conditions. The heart rate increased and oxygen saturation levels decreased with increasing altitude. Fibrinolysis and fibrinogen levels were not affected. Factor VIII and von Willebrand factor levels levels increased significantly in the active group, but not in the passive group. Plasma thrombin generation remained unchanged in both the active and passive group with increasing altitude and during 7 days of immobility in healthy subjects. However, by applying whole blood thrombin generation, we found an increased peak height and endogenous thrombin potential, and a decreased lagtime and time-to-peak with increasing levels of hypoxia in both groups. In conclusion, by applying whole blood thrombin generation we demonstrated that hypoxia causes a prothrombotic state. As thrombin generation in plasma did not increase, our results suggest that the cellular part of the blood is involved in the prothrombotic phenotype induced by hypoxia.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Air travel</subject><subject>Altitude</subject><subject>Altitude Sickness - blood</subject><subject>Altitude Sickness - physiopathology</subject><subject>Anesthesiology</subject><subject>Anticoagulants</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Blood coagulation factors</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</subject><subject>Climbing</subject><subject>Coagulation factors</subject><subject>Deprivation</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Family medical history</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fibrinogen</subject><subject>Fibrinogen - metabolism</subject><subject>Fibrinolysis</subject><subject>Generating capacity</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Heart Rate</subject><subject>High altitude</subject><subject>High-altitude environments</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Measuring instruments</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Motor Activity</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Oxygen</subject><subject>Oxygen content</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Prothrombin - metabolism</subject><subject>Saturation</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Thrombin</subject><subject>Thromboembolism</subject><subject>Thrombosis</subject><subject>Von Willebrand factor</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl1r2zAUhs3YWLtu_2BshsHYLpJJ1pd9MwhlWwOBlnXbrZDlo1jBsVxLLs2_n9K4JR69GALL6Dzvq3OOTpK8xWiOicBfNm7oW9XMO9fCHGGKRSGeJae4INmMZ4g8P_o_SV55v0GIkZzzl8lJxhnmQtDTZHWx69ydVemyrQYNPlXpVe9C3btt6YLV6XVQAfZR6CB-2tDsUmfSUEN6Ve-81apJFzrYWxt2r5MXRjUe3oz7WfL7-7df5xez1eWP5fliNdOC5WGmGcMxNSW4IZDxglbAKWYF0QIjk7MYUBnJMUBmBKEVA6MMiRJEBTOoIGfJ-4Nv1zgvx0Z4iUWWU4QyyiKxPBCVUxvZ9Xar-p10ysr7A9evpepjeQ3IghclqIqyPM8oxLQAlRoLU1JeApR59Po63jaUW6h07EGvmonpNNLaWq7draQ8EznF0eDTaNC7mwF8kFvrNTSNasEN93kXhCGa8Yh--Ad9urqRWqtYgG2Ni_fqvalcUELi02KMIjV_goqrgq3VcWqMjecTweeJIDIB7sJaDd7L5fXP_2cv_0zZj0dsDaoJtXfNEKxr_RSkB1D3zvsezGOTMZL7oX_ohtwPvRyHPsreHT_Qo-hhyslfxlH69Q</recordid><startdate>20151030</startdate><enddate>20151030</enddate><creator>Ninivaggi, Marisa</creator><creator>de Laat, Marieke</creator><creator>Lancé, Marcus M D</creator><creator>Kicken, Cécile H</creator><creator>Pelkmans, Leonie</creator><creator>Bloemen, Saartje</creator><creator>Dirks, Marlou L</creator><creator>van Loon, Luc J C</creator><creator>Govers-Riemslag, José W P</creator><creator>Lindhout, Theo</creator><creator>Konings, Joke</creator><creator>de Laat, Bas</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20151030</creationdate><title>Hypoxia Induces a Prothrombotic State Independently of the Physical Activity</title><author>Ninivaggi, Marisa ; de Laat, Marieke ; Lancé, Marcus M D ; Kicken, Cécile H ; Pelkmans, Leonie ; Bloemen, Saartje ; Dirks, Marlou L ; van Loon, Luc J C ; Govers-Riemslag, José W P ; Lindhout, Theo ; Konings, Joke ; de Laat, Bas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-c551193a76f3e2694de641593c710f85a76a2381ee2f734d5efaf31190475f093</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Air travel</topic><topic>Altitude</topic><topic>Altitude Sickness - blood</topic><topic>Altitude Sickness - physiopathology</topic><topic>Anesthesiology</topic><topic>Anticoagulants</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Blood coagulation factors</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</topic><topic>Climbing</topic><topic>Coagulation factors</topic><topic>Deprivation</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Family medical history</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fibrinogen</topic><topic>Fibrinogen - metabolism</topic><topic>Fibrinolysis</topic><topic>Generating capacity</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Heart Rate</topic><topic>High altitude</topic><topic>High-altitude environments</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Measuring instruments</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Motor Activity</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Oxygen</topic><topic>Oxygen content</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Physical activity</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Prothrombin - 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We attempted to get a better comprehension of its mechanism by going to high altitude, thereby including the potential contributing role of physical activity. Two groups of 15 healthy individuals were exposed to hypoxia by going to an altitude of 3900 meters, either by climbing actively (active group) or transported passively by cable car (passive group). Both groups were tested for plasma fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and factor VIII levels, fibrinolysis, thrombin generating capacity, heart rate, oxygen saturation levels and blood pressure. As a control for the passive group, 7 healthy volunteers stayed immobile in bed for 7 days at normoxic conditions. The heart rate increased and oxygen saturation levels decreased with increasing altitude. Fibrinolysis and fibrinogen levels were not affected. Factor VIII and von Willebrand factor levels levels increased significantly in the active group, but not in the passive group. Plasma thrombin generation remained unchanged in both the active and passive group with increasing altitude and during 7 days of immobility in healthy subjects. However, by applying whole blood thrombin generation, we found an increased peak height and endogenous thrombin potential, and a decreased lagtime and time-to-peak with increasing levels of hypoxia in both groups. In conclusion, by applying whole blood thrombin generation we demonstrated that hypoxia causes a prothrombotic state. As thrombin generation in plasma did not increase, our results suggest that the cellular part of the blood is involved in the prothrombotic phenotype induced by hypoxia.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>26516774</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0141797</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adult Air travel Altitude Altitude Sickness - blood Altitude Sickness - physiopathology Anesthesiology Anticoagulants Biochemistry Blood Blood coagulation factors Blood Pressure Care and treatment Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Climbing Coagulation factors Deprivation Development and progression Exercise Family medical history Female Fibrinogen Fibrinogen - metabolism Fibrinolysis Generating capacity Health aspects Health risk assessment Heart Rate High altitude High-altitude environments Humans Hypoxia Male Measuring instruments Metabolism Middle Aged Motor Activity Nutrition Oxygen Oxygen content Patient outcomes Phenotypes Physical activity Physical fitness Prothrombin - metabolism Saturation Studies Thrombin Thromboembolism Thrombosis Von Willebrand factor |
title | Hypoxia Induces a Prothrombotic State Independently of the Physical Activity |
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