Paliurus Fruits from the Oligocene of South China and Their Phytogeographic Implications

Paliurus favonii Unger is recognized and described based on fruits from the Oligocene Ningming flora of Guangxi, South China. Characteristics of the present specimens include circular winged fruits that are 10.0-11.5 mm in diameter with a central endocarp at 3.0 to 4.0 mm in diameter. The specimens...

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Published in:PloS one 2015-11, Vol.10 (11), p.e0140653-e0140653
Main Authors: Dong, Jun-Ling, Sun, Bai-Nian, Ma, Fu-Jun, Wang, Qiu-Jun, Jin, Pei-Hong, Wang, Wen-Jia, Deng, Peng, Yang, Yi, Li, Xiao-Jing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Biological Evolution
Botany
Cenozoic
China
Dispersal
Dispersion
Earth science
Flora
Fossils
Fossils - anatomy & histology
Fruit - anatomy & histology
Fruits
Fruits (Food)
Geography
Geology
Laboratories
Leaves
Lecythidaceae
Mineral resources
Morphology
Museums
Northern Hemisphere
Nutritional aspects
Oligocene
Paleontology
Paliurus
Phylogenetics
Phylogeography
Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology
Rhamnaceae
Rhamnaceae - anatomy & histology
Rhamnaceae - classification
Seeds
Stratigraphy
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creator Dong, Jun-Ling
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Deng, Peng
Yang, Yi
Li, Xiao-Jing
description Paliurus favonii Unger is recognized and described based on fruits from the Oligocene Ningming flora of Guangxi, South China. Characteristics of the present specimens include circular winged fruits that are 10.0-11.5 mm in diameter with a central endocarp at 3.0 to 4.0 mm in diameter. The specimens fall into the morphological range of the fossil species P. favonii, which has been observed in other Cenozoic sites in the Northern Hemisphere. The present discovery represents the lowest latitude distribution of P. favonii in the world, and we are presenting the first P. favonii fossil described with detailed cuticular characteristics from China. Further, this finding demonstrates that the genus existed in the Oligocene Ningming region, South China, and provides new information for understanding the fossil history. The dispersal mode for winged fossils demonstrates that wind dispersal is well-represented in the Oligocene Ningming flora.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0140653
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subjects Age
Biological Evolution
Botany
Cenozoic
China
Dispersal
Dispersion
Earth science
Flora
Fossils
Fossils - anatomy & histology
Fruit - anatomy & histology
Fruits
Fruits (Food)
Geography
Geology
Laboratories
Leaves
Lecythidaceae
Mineral resources
Morphology
Museums
Northern Hemisphere
Nutritional aspects
Oligocene
Paleontology
Paliurus
Phylogenetics
Phylogeography
Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology
Rhamnaceae
Rhamnaceae - anatomy & histology
Rhamnaceae - classification
Seeds
Stratigraphy
title Paliurus Fruits from the Oligocene of South China and Their Phytogeographic Implications
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