Shaking the Tree: Multi-locus Sequence Typing Usurps Current Onchocercid (Filarial Nematode) Phylogeny

During the past twenty years, a number of molecular analyses have been performed to determine the evolutionary relationships of Onchocercidae, a family of filarial nematodes encompassing several species of medical or veterinary importance. However, opportunities for broad taxonomic sampling have bee...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2015-11, Vol.9 (11), p.e0004233-e0004233
Main Authors: Lefoulon, Emilie, Bain, Odile, Bourret, Jérôme, Junker, Kerstin, Guerrero, Ricardo, Cañizales, Israel, Kuzmin, Yuriy, Satoto, Tri Baskoro T, Cardenas-Callirgos, Jorge Manuel, de Souza Lima, Sueli, Raccurt, Christian, Mutafchiev, Yasen, Gavotte, Laurent, Martin, Coralie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA, Helminth - chemistry
DNA, Helminth - genetics
Ethics
Evolution
Filarioidea - classification
Filarioidea - genetics
Genetic aspects
Genetic research
Genotype
Hypotheses
Identification and classification
Life Sciences
Microbiology and Parasitology
Molecular Sequence Data
Morphology
Multilocus Sequence Typing - methods
Nematoda
Onchocerca
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
RNA polymerase
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Spirurida
Studies
Taxonomy
Vertebrates
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Summary:During the past twenty years, a number of molecular analyses have been performed to determine the evolutionary relationships of Onchocercidae, a family of filarial nematodes encompassing several species of medical or veterinary importance. However, opportunities for broad taxonomic sampling have been scarce, and analyses were based mainly on 12S rDNA and coxI gene sequences. While being suitable for species differentiation, these mitochondrial genes cannot be used to infer phylogenetic hypotheses at higher taxonomic levels. In the present study, 48 species, representing seven of eight subfamilies within the Onchocercidae, were sampled and sequences of seven gene loci (nuclear and mitochondrial) analysed, resulting in the hitherto largest molecular phylogenetic investigation into this family. Although our data support the current hypothesis that the Oswaldofilariinae, Waltonellinae and Icosiellinae subfamilies separated early from the remaining onchocercids, Setariinae was recovered as a well separated clade. Dirofilaria, Loxodontofilaria and Onchocerca constituted a strongly supported clade despite belonging to different subfamilies (Onchocercinae and Dirofilariinae). Finally, the separation between Splendidofilariinae, Dirofilariinae and Onchocercinae will have to be reconsidered.
ISSN:1935-2735
1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004233