Ideal Binocular Disparity Detectors Learned Using Independent Subspace Analysis on Binocular Natural Image Pairs

An influential theory of mammalian vision, known as the efficient coding hypothesis, holds that early stages in the visual cortex attempts to form an efficient coding of ecologically valid stimuli. Although numerous authors have successfully modelled some aspects of early vision mathematically, clos...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2016-03, Vol.11 (3), p.e0150117-e0150117
Main Authors: Hunter, David W, Hibbard, Paul B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Animals
Binocular vision
Biology and Life Sciences
Cell culture
Coding
Energy
Engineering and Technology
Image processing
Independent component analysis
Inspection
Mathematical analysis
Mathematical models
Medicine and Health Sciences
Models, Biological
Neural coding
Neurons
Neurosciences
Nonlinear analysis
Physiology
Research and Analysis Methods
Sensors
Social Sciences
Vision
Vision, Binocular
Visual cortex
Visual Cortex - physiology
Visual discrimination
Visual observation
Visual stimuli
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Summary:An influential theory of mammalian vision, known as the efficient coding hypothesis, holds that early stages in the visual cortex attempts to form an efficient coding of ecologically valid stimuli. Although numerous authors have successfully modelled some aspects of early vision mathematically, closer inspection has found substantial discrepancies between the predictions of some of these models and observations of neurons in the visual cortex. In particular analysis of linear-non-linear models of simple-cells using Independent Component Analysis has found a strong bias towards features on the horoptor. In order to investigate the link between the information content of binocular images, mathematical models of complex cells and physiological recordings, we applied Independent Subspace Analysis to binocular image patches in order to learn a set of complex-cell-like models. We found that these complex-cell-like models exhibited a wide range of binocular disparity-discriminability, although only a minority exhibited high binocular discrimination scores. However, in common with the linear-non-linear model case we found that feature detection was limited to the horoptor suggesting that current mathematical models are limited in their ability to explain the functionality of the visual cortex.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0150117