Organ Dose and Attributable Cancer Risk in Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Computed Tomography

Lung cancer screening with CT has been recently recommended for decreasing lung cancer mortality. The radiation dose of CT, however, must be kept as low as reasonably achievable for reducing potential stochastic risks from ionizing radiation. The purpose of this study was to calculate individual pat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2016-05, Vol.11 (5), p.e0155722-e0155722
Main Authors: Saltybaeva, Natalia, Martini, Katharina, Frauenfelder, Thomas, Alkadhi, Hatem
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Aged
Biology and Life Sciences
Body size
Cancer
Cancer screening
CAT scans
Chest
Computed tomography
Computer simulation
Diagnosis
Early Detection of Cancer - adverse effects
Early Detection of Cancer - methods
Equivalence
Female
Health aspects
Health risks
Hospitals
Humans
Ionizing radiation
Lung cancer
Lung diseases
Lung Neoplasms - diagnosis
Male
Mathematical analysis
Medical imaging
Medical screening
Medicine and Health Sciences
Methods
Middle Aged
Monte Carlo Method
Patients
Physical sciences
Quality
Radiation
Radiation Dosage
Research and Analysis Methods
Risk factors
Risk reduction
Scanners
Simulation
Stochasticity
Studies
Tomography
Tomography, X-Ray Computed - adverse effects
Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods
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Summary:Lung cancer screening with CT has been recently recommended for decreasing lung cancer mortality. The radiation dose of CT, however, must be kept as low as reasonably achievable for reducing potential stochastic risks from ionizing radiation. The purpose of this study was to calculate individual patients' lung doses and to estimate cancer risks in low-dose CT (LDCT) in comparison with a standard dose CT (SDCT) protocol. This study included 47 adult patients (mean age 63.0 ± 5.7 years) undergoing chest CT on a third-generation dual-source scanner. 23/47 patients (49%) had a non-enhanced chest SDCT, 24 patients (51%) underwent LDCT at 100 kVp with spectral shaping at a dose equivalent to a chest x-ray. 3D-dose distributions were obtained from Monte Carlo simulations for each patient, taking into account their body size and individual CT protocol. Based on the dose distributions, patient-specific lung doses were calculated and relative cancer risk was estimated according to BEIR VII recommendations. As compared to SDCT, the LDCT protocol allowed for significant organ dose and cancer risk reductions (p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0155722