Effects of Macrophage Depletion on Sleep in Mice

The reciprocal interaction between the immune system and sleep regulation has been widely acknowledged but the cellular mechanisms that underpin this interaction are not completely understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of macrophages in sleep loss- and cold exposure-induced slee...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2016-07, Vol.11 (7), p.e0159812-e0159812
Main Authors: Ames, Conner, Boland, Erin, Szentirmai, Éva
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Biology and Life Sciences
Bisphosphonates
Body temperature
Body Temperature - drug effects
Care and treatment
Clodronic acid
Clodronic Acid - administration & dosage
Cytokines
Electrodes
Electroencephalography
Electromyography
Eye movements
Gene expression
Health aspects
Immune system
Laboratory animals
Liposomes
Macrophages
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - metabolism
Male
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metabolism
Mice
Motor activity
Motor Activity - drug effects
NREM sleep
Physiological aspects
Rapid eye movement state
REM sleep
Research and Analysis Methods
Risk factors
Rodents
Sleep
Sleep - drug effects
Sleep - physiology
Sleep and wakefulness
Sleep Deprivation
Sleep-wake cycles
Temperature
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Wakefulness
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Summary:The reciprocal interaction between the immune system and sleep regulation has been widely acknowledged but the cellular mechanisms that underpin this interaction are not completely understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of macrophages in sleep loss- and cold exposure-induced sleep and body temperature responses. Macrophage apoptosis was induced in mice by systemic injection of clodronate-containing liposomes (CCL). We report that CCL treatment induced an immediate and transient increase in non-rapid-eye movement sleep (NREMS) and fever accompanied by decrease in rapid-eye movement sleep, motor activity and NREMS delta power. Chronically macrophage-depleted mice had attenuated NREMS rebound after sleep deprivation compared to normal mice. Cold-induced increase in wakefulness and decrease in NREMS, rapid-eye movement sleep and body temperature were significantly enhanced in macrophage-depleted mice indicating increased cold sensitivity. These findings provide further evidence for the reciprocal interaction among the immune system, sleep and metabolism, and identify macrophages as one of the key cellular elements in this interplay.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0159812