Unconscious Affective Responses to Food

Affective or hedonic responses to food are crucial for humans, both advantageously (e.g., enhancing survival) and disadvantageously (e.g., promoting overeating and lifestyle-related disease). Although previous psychological studies have reported evidence of unconscious cognitive and behavioral proce...

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Published in:PloS one 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0160956
Main Authors: Sato, Wataru, Sawada, Reiko, Kubota, Yasutaka, Toichi, Motomi, Fushiki, Tohru
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Affect - physiology
Appetite
Awareness
Bias
Biology and Life Sciences
Brain research
Cognitive ability
Eating
Eating behavior
Emotions
Emotions - physiology
Facial Expression
Fast food
Female
Food
Food habits
Food preferences
Food processing
Humans
Information processing
Male
Medical imaging
Medical research
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mosaics
Personality
Preferences
Priming
Psychiatry
Research and Analysis Methods
Studies
Subliminal Stimulation
Unconscious, Psychology
Visual field
Visual fields
Young Adult
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c769t-a37f78ea0b204ac9db4e986ca8fc442147a8fdc5d9d130e4e7abf9864da994a83
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Sawada, Reiko
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Toichi, Motomi
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description Affective or hedonic responses to food are crucial for humans, both advantageously (e.g., enhancing survival) and disadvantageously (e.g., promoting overeating and lifestyle-related disease). Although previous psychological studies have reported evidence of unconscious cognitive and behavioral processing related to food, it remains unknown whether affective reactions to food can be triggered unconsciously and its relationship with daily eating behaviors. We investigated these issues by using the subliminal affective priming paradigm. Photographs of food or corresponding mosaic images were presented in the peripheral visual field for 33 ms. Target photos of faces with emotionally neutral expressions were then presented, and participants rated their preferences for the faces. Eating behaviors were also assessed using questionnaires. The food images, relative to the mosaics, increased participants' preference for subsequent target faces. Furthermore, the difference in the preference induced by food versus mosaic images was positively correlated with the tendency to engage in external eating. These results suggest that unconscious affective reactions are elicited by the sight of food and that these responses contribute to daily eating behaviors related to overeating.
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subjects Adult
Affect - physiology
Appetite
Awareness
Bias
Biology and Life Sciences
Brain research
Cognitive ability
Eating
Eating behavior
Emotions
Emotions - physiology
Facial Expression
Fast food
Female
Food
Food habits
Food preferences
Food processing
Humans
Information processing
Male
Medical imaging
Medical research
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mosaics
Personality
Preferences
Priming
Psychiatry
Research and Analysis Methods
Studies
Subliminal Stimulation
Unconscious, Psychology
Visual field
Visual fields
Young Adult
title Unconscious Affective Responses to Food
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