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Number of Persistent Organic Pollutants Detected at High Concentrations in Blood Samples of the United States Population

Human exposure to environmental chemicals as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is usually assessed considering each pollutant individually, with little attention to concentrations of mixtures in individuals or social groups. Yet, it may be relatively common for humans to have low and high concent...

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Published in:PloS one 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0160432-e0160432
Main Authors: Pumarega, José, Gasull, Magda, Lee, Duk-Hee, López, Tomàs, Porta, Miquel
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Gasull, Magda
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description Human exposure to environmental chemicals as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is usually assessed considering each pollutant individually, with little attention to concentrations of mixtures in individuals or social groups. Yet, it may be relatively common for humans to have low and high concentrations of numerous POPs. The study objectives were to analyze the number of POPs detected per person at high concentrations in the U.S. population, and the associations between such type of indicators and socioeconomic factors as gender, race / ethnicity, education, and poverty level. From 91 POPs analyzed in serum samples of 4,739 individuals in three subsamples of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 (the last period with valid updated individual data for the compounds considered in the present study), we computed the number of POPs whose serum concentrations were above selected cutoff points. POPs included were 13 organochlorine compounds (OCs), 10 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), the polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) 153, 38 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs), and 12 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Over 13% of participants had ≥10 of the 37 most detected POPs each at a concentration in the top decile (P90). Over 30% of subjects with total toxic equivalency (TEQ) ≥P75, had ≥10 of 24 POPs not included in TEQ calculations at concentrations ≥P90. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, the adjusted odds ratio of having ≥10 of the 37 POPs at P90 was 9.2 for non-Hispanic blacks and 0.18 for Mexican Americans. Poverty, body mass index, age, and gender were also independently associated with having ≥10 POPs in the top decile. More than one tenth of the US population may have ≥10 POPs each at concentrations in the top decile. Such pattern is nine times more frequent in Non-Hispanic blacks and four times less frequent in Mexican Americans than in non-Hispanic whites.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0160432
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Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological &amp; Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agriculture Science Database</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies &amp; Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies &amp; Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pumarega, José</au><au>Gasull, Magda</au><au>Lee, Duk-Hee</au><au>López, Tomàs</au><au>Porta, Miquel</au><au>Rosenfeld, Cheryl S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Number of Persistent Organic Pollutants Detected at High Concentrations in Blood Samples of the United States Population</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-08-10</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e0160432</spage><epage>e0160432</epage><pages>e0160432-e0160432</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Human exposure to environmental chemicals as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is usually assessed considering each pollutant individually, with little attention to concentrations of mixtures in individuals or social groups. Yet, it may be relatively common for humans to have low and high concentrations of numerous POPs. The study objectives were to analyze the number of POPs detected per person at high concentrations in the U.S. population, and the associations between such type of indicators and socioeconomic factors as gender, race / ethnicity, education, and poverty level. From 91 POPs analyzed in serum samples of 4,739 individuals in three subsamples of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 (the last period with valid updated individual data for the compounds considered in the present study), we computed the number of POPs whose serum concentrations were above selected cutoff points. POPs included were 13 organochlorine compounds (OCs), 10 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), the polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) 153, 38 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs), and 12 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Over 13% of participants had ≥10 of the 37 most detected POPs each at a concentration in the top decile (P90). Over 30% of subjects with total toxic equivalency (TEQ) ≥P75, had ≥10 of 24 POPs not included in TEQ calculations at concentrations ≥P90. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, the adjusted odds ratio of having ≥10 of the 37 POPs at P90 was 9.2 for non-Hispanic blacks and 0.18 for Mexican Americans. Poverty, body mass index, age, and gender were also independently associated with having ≥10 POPs in the top decile. More than one tenth of the US population may have ≥10 POPs each at concentrations in the top decile. Such pattern is nine times more frequent in Non-Hispanic blacks and four times less frequent in Mexican Americans than in non-Hispanic whites.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27508420</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0160432</doi><tpages>e0160432</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
ispartof PloS one, 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0160432-e0160432
issn 1932-6203
1932-6203
language eng
recordid cdi_plos_journals_1812538028
source Open Access: PubMed Central; Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)
subjects Adult
Aged
Air Pollutants - blood
Americans
Analysis
Biology and Life Sciences
Biphenyl
Blood tests
Body mass
Body Mass Index
Body size
Chemical contaminants
Diabetes
Dioxins
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Economic factors
Ethers
Ethnicity
Female
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers - blood
Health aspects
Health care
Hispanic Americans
Hispanic people
Hispanics
Hospitals
Humans
Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - blood
Lipids
Lymphoma
Lymphomas
Male
Medical laboratories
Medical research
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metabolites
Middle Aged
Minority & ethnic groups
Models, Theoretical
Multivariate Analysis
Nutrition
Nutrition Surveys
Odds Ratio
Older people
Organic Chemicals - blood
Organic compounds
Organochlorine compounds
PCB
PCB compounds
People and Places
Persistent organic pollutants
Pesticides
Physical Sciences
Plasma
Pollutants
Polybrominated Biphenyls - blood
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Polychlorinated Biphenyls - blood
Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - blood
Population
Poverty
Pregnancy
Preventive medicine
Risk assessment
Social factors
Social Sciences
Socio-economic aspects
Socioeconomic factors
Socioeconomics
Studies
United States
title Number of Persistent Organic Pollutants Detected at High Concentrations in Blood Samples of the United States Population
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