Renal Function Impairment and Associated Factors among HAART Naïve and Experienced Adult HIV Positive Individuals in Southwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross Sectional Study

• Published in: PloS one 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0161180
• Main Authors: Mekuria, Yewulsew, Yilma, Daniel, Mekonnen, Zeleke, Kassa, Tesfaye, Gedefaw, Lealem
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Adult; Adults; Age; Age Factors; AIDS; Anti-HIV Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-HIV Agents - adverse effects; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use; Anticoagulants; Antiretroviral agents; Antiretroviral drugs; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - adverse effects; Biology and Life Sciences; CD4 antigen; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Complications; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data collection; Diabetes; Drug therapy; Ethiopia - epidemiology; Female; Health sciences; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV; HIV Infections - complications; HIV Infections - drug therapy; Hospitals; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Impairment; Infections; Kidney diseases; Kidney Diseases - epidemiology; Kidney Diseases - etiology; Kidney Function Tests; Lentivirus; Male; Medical laboratories; Medical treatment; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Morbidity; Mortality; Pathology; Physical Sciences; Population; Prevalence; Regression analysis; Renal failure; Renal function; Research and Analysis Methods; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Sepsis; Statistical analysis; Statistical tests; Surveys and Questionnaires; Viruses
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161180

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its treatment cause renal diseases. Renal disease is associated with an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV positive individuals than in the general population. It has been also associated with adverse outcomes, such as complications of decreased renal functions and progression to renal failure. To determine the prevalence and factors associated with renal function impairment among highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) naive and HAART experienced adult HIV positive individuals. A facility based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Jimma University Specialized Hospital (JUSH) from June to September 2014. HIV positive individuals who visited JUSH during the study period were included in the study. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood specimen was analyzed for renal function tests. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis were done using SPSS version 16 software. A total of 446 HIV positive individuals, 223 HAART naïve and 223 HAART experienced, were recruited. The overall prevalence of renal function impairment was 18.2% [95%CI: 14.6-21.7]. The prevalence of renal impairment in HAART naive and HAART experienced persons was 28.7% [95%CI: 23.1-34.4] and 7.6% [95%CI: 4.6-11.6], respectively. Age ≥ 50 years (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI 1.4, 9.6), advanced WHO stage (AOR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.1, 4.7), and CD4 count