Etiology of Influenza-Like Illnesses from Sentinel Network Practitioners in Réunion Island, 2011-2012

In Réunion Island, despite an influenza surveillance established since 1996 by the sentinel general practitioner's network, little is known about the etiology of Influenza like-illness (ILI) that differs from influenza viruses in a tropical area. We set up a retrospective study using nasal swab...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2016-09, Vol.11 (9), p.e0163377-e0163377
Main Authors: Brottet, Elise, Jaffar-Bandjee, Marie-Christine, Li-Pat-Yuen, Ghislaine, Filleul, Laurent
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Annual variations
Biology and life sciences
Coronaviridae
Coronaviruses
Enterovirus
Etiology
Health surveillance
Illnesses
Infections
Influenza
Influenza A
Influenza A virus
Influenza B
Influenza B virus
Laboratories
Medicine and Health Sciences
Multiplexing
Orthomyxoviridae
Parainfluenza
Paramyxoviridae
Picornaviridae
Polymerase chain reaction
Public health
Research and Analysis Methods
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory syncytial virus
Rhinovirus
RNA-directed DNA polymerase
Seasons
Surveillance
Trends
Viral infections
Virology
Viruses
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Summary:In Réunion Island, despite an influenza surveillance established since 1996 by the sentinel general practitioner's network, little is known about the etiology of Influenza like-illness (ILI) that differs from influenza viruses in a tropical area. We set up a retrospective study using nasal swabs collected by sentinel GPs from ILI patients in 2011 and 2012. A total of 250 swabs were randomly selected and analyzed by multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) including research of 18 viruses and 4 bacteria. We detected respiratory viruses in 169/222 (76.1%) samples, mostly rhinovirus (23.4%), influenza A virus (21.2%), influenza B virus (12.6%), coronavirus (4.9%) and Human metapneumovirus (3.6%). Nine swabs (5.3% of positive swabs) revealed co-infections with two viruses identified, among which six concerned co-infections with influenza viruses. We observed important seasonal differences, with circulation of Human Metapneumoviruses, RSV A and B and coronavirus only during summer; whereas parainfluenza viruses were identified only during winter. In conclusion, this study highlights a substantial circulation of multiple respiratory pathogens in Réunion Island throughout the year. It shows that ILI are not only attributable to influenza and underlines the need for biological surveillance. As the use of multiplex RT-PCR showed its efficacy, it is now used routinely in the surveillance of ILI.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0163377