The Cerebral Surfactant System and Its Alteration in Hydrocephalic Conditions

Pulmonary Surfactant reduces surface tension in the terminal airways thus facilitating breathing and contributes to host's innate immunity. Surfactant Proteins (SP) A, B, C and D were recently identified as inherent proteins of the CNS. Aim of the study was to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (C...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2016-09, Vol.11 (9), p.e0160680-e0160680
Main Authors: Schob, Stefan, Lobsien, Donald, Friedrich, Benjamin, Bernhard, Matthias K, Gebauer, Corinna, Dieckow, Julia, Gawlitza, Matthias, Pirlich, Mandy, Saur, Dorothee, Bräuer, Lars, Bechmann, Ingo, Hoffmann, Karl-Titus, Mahr, Cynthia V, Nestler, Ulf, Preuß, Matthias
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biology and Life Sciences
Brain
Breathing
Central nervous system
Cerebrospinal fluid
Comparative analysis
Diagnostic systems
Enlargement
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Enzymes
Hydrocephalus
Immunity
Innate immunity
Intracranial pressure
Medical imaging
Medical research
Medicine and Health Sciences
Neurosurgery
Patients
Physical Sciences
Physiological aspects
Pressure
Proteins
Pseudotumors
Regulatory mechanisms (biology)
Research and Analysis Methods
Respiratory distress syndrome
Stenosis
Surface active agents
Surface tension
Surfactants
Ventricle
Water circulation
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Summary:Pulmonary Surfactant reduces surface tension in the terminal airways thus facilitating breathing and contributes to host's innate immunity. Surfactant Proteins (SP) A, B, C and D were recently identified as inherent proteins of the CNS. Aim of the study was to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) SP levels in hydrocephalus patients compared to normal subjects. CSF SP A-D levels were quantified using commercially available ELISA kits in 126 patients (0-84 years, mean 39 years). 60 patients without CNS pathologies served as a control group. Hydrocephalus patients were separated in aqueductal stenosis (AQS, n = 24), acute hydrocephalus without aqueductal stenosis (acute HC w/o AQS, n = 16) and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH, n = 20). Furthermore, six patients with pseudotumor cerebri were investigated. SP A-D are present under physiological conditions in human CSF. SP-A is elevated in diseases accompanied by ventricular enlargement (AQS, acute HC w/o AQS) in a significant manner (0.67, 1.21 vs 0.38 ng/ml in control, p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0160680