An MRI-Compatible High Frequency AC Resistive Heating System for Homeothermic Maintenance in Small Animals

To develop an MRI-compatible resistive heater, using high frequency alternating current (AC), for temperature maintenance of anaesthetised animals. An MRI-compatible resistive electrical heater was formed from narrow gauge wire connected to a high frequency (10-100 kHz) AC power source. Multiple gra...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2016-11, Vol.11 (11), p.e0164920-e0164920
Main Authors: Gilchrist, Stuart, Gomes, Ana L, Kinchesh, Paul, Kersemans, Veerle, Allen, Philip D, Smart, Sean C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternating current
Anesthesia
Animal sciences
Animals
Biology and Life Sciences
Body Temperature
Cancer
Compatibility
Councils
Electric wire
Electricity
Engineering and Technology
Heating - methods
Image acquisition
Image quality
Laboratory animals
Magnetic fields
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Maintenance
Medical research
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mice
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oncology
Physical Sciences
Power sources
Rats
Research and Analysis Methods
Sensitivity analysis
Temperature effects
Zoology
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Summary:To develop an MRI-compatible resistive heater, using high frequency alternating current (AC), for temperature maintenance of anaesthetised animals. An MRI-compatible resistive electrical heater was formed from narrow gauge wire connected to a high frequency (10-100 kHz) AC power source. Multiple gradient echo images covering a range of echo times, and pulse-acquire spectra were acquired with the wire heater powered using high frequency AC or DC power sources and without any current flowing in order to assess the sensitivity of the MRI acquisitions to the presence of current flow through the heater wire. The efficacy of temperature maintenance using the AC heater was assessed by measuring rectal temperature immediately following induction of general anaesthesia for a period of 30 minutes in three different mice. Images and spectra acquired in the presence and absence of 50-100 kHz AC through the wire heater were indistinguishable, whereas DC power created field shifts and lineshape distortions. Temperature lost during induction of anaesthesia was recovered within approximately 20 minutes and a stable temperature was reached as the mouse's temperature approached the set target. The AC-powered wire heater maintains adequate heat input to the animal to maintain body temperature, and does not compromise image quality.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0164920