Secular Trends in Admissions and Mortality Rates from Diabetes Mellitus in the Central Belt of Ghana: A 31-Year Review

Diabetes Mellitus is currently a leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where a significant proportion of diabetes cases are now found. Longitudinal profiling of in-patient admissions and mortality trends from diabetes provide useful insight...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2016-11, Vol.11 (11), p.e0165905-e0165905
Main Authors: Sarfo-Kantanka, Osei, Sarfo, Fred Stephen, Oparebea Ansah, Eunice, Eghan, Benjamin, Ayisi-Boateng, Nana Kwame, Acheamfour-Akowuah, Emmanuel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age
Aged
Analysis
Biology and Life Sciences
Complications
Coronary artery
Coronary artery disease
Coronary heart disease
Data processing
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus - mortality
Diabetes Mellitus - therapy
Diabetes therapy
Disease-Free Survival
Fatalities
Female
Females
Ghana - epidemiology
Health aspects
Health care
Health planning
Health risks
Heart diseases
Humans
Hypoglycemia
Ketoacidosis
Male
Medicine and Health Sciences
Middle Aged
Morbidity
Mortality
Nephropathy
Osmotic pressure
Patient Admission
Patients
People and Places
Registries
Regression analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Survival Rate
Trends
Ulcers
Vascular diseases
Womens health
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Summary:Diabetes Mellitus is currently a leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where a significant proportion of diabetes cases are now found. Longitudinal profiling of in-patient admissions and mortality trends from diabetes provide useful insights into the magnitude of the burden of diabetes, serve as a sentinel on the state of out-patient diabetes care and provide effective tools for planning, delivering and evaluating the health care needs relating to the disease in sub-Saharan Africa. To evaluate the 31-year trend in diabetic admissions and mortality rates in central Ghana. This is a retrospective analysis of data on diabetes admissions and deaths at a tertiary referral hospital in central Ghana between 1983 and 2014. Rates of diabetes admissions or deaths were expressed as diabetes admissions or deaths divided by the total number of admissions or deaths respectively. Yearly crude fatality rates for diabetes were calculated. Trends were analysed for in patient diabetes admissions and mortality for the period. Predictors of diabetes mortality were determined using multiple logistic regression. A total of 11,414 diabetes patients were admitted over the period with a female predominance; female:male ratio of 1.3:1.0. Over the study period, diabetes admission rates increased significantly from 2.36 per 1000 admissions in 1983 to 14.94 per 1000 admissions in 2014 (p 80 years compared with < 20 years, admissions in 2000s compared to 1980s-aOR of 1.56 (1.21-2.01), male gender-aOR of 1.45 (1.19-1.61), the presence of glycemic complications such as ketoacidosis- aOR-2.67(CI: 2.21-3.21), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states- aOR 1.52 (1.33-1.73) symptomatic hypoglycemia- aOR 1.64 (1.24-2.17) and presence of end organ complications including peripheral neuropathic ulcers- aOR 1.31 (1.12-1.56), nephropathy- aOR -1.11 (1.03-1.23), cerebrovascular disease-aOR-1.52 (1.32-1.98), coronary artery disease- aOR-3.21 (1.91-5.15) and peripheral artery disease- aOR-1.15 (1.12-1.21) wer
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0165905