Clinical and Metabolic Characteristics among Mexican Children with Different Types of Diabetes Mellitus

• Published in: PloS one 2016-12, Vol.11 (12), p.e0168377
• Main Authors: Evia-Viscarra, María Lola, Guardado-Mendoza, Rodolfo, Rodea-Montero, Edel Rafael
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Age; Anthropometry; Antibodies; Autoantibodies - metabolism; Autoimmunity; Biochemical characteristics; Biochemistry; Biology and Life Sciences; Body mass index; Body measurements; Body weight; C-Peptide - metabolism; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Cholesterol; Classification; Complications and side effects; Cross-Sectional Studies; Demographic aspects; Development and progression; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - classification; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Diabetes Mellitus - immunology; Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism; Etiology; Families & family life; Female; Glutamate decarboxylase; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hypotheses; Immunoglobulins; Infant; Insulin resistance; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mexico - epidemiology; Obesity; Overweight; Pancreas; Pancreas - immunology; Patients; Pediatrics; People and Places; Peptides; Social Sciences; Statistical tests; Teenagers
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168377

Current classification of diabetes mellitus (DM) is based on etiology and includes type 1 (T1DM), type 2 (T2DM), gestational, and other. Clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of T1DM and T2DM in the same patient have been designated as type 1.5 DM (T1.5DM). The aim of this study was to classify pediatric patients with DM based on pancreatic autoimmunity and the presence or absence of overweight/obesity, and to compare the clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical characteristics between children in the different classes of DM. A sample of 185 patients, recruited (March 2008-April 2015) as part of the Cohort of Mexican Children with DM (CMC-DM); ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02722655. The DM classification was made considering pancreatic autoimmunity (via antibodies GAD-65, IAA, and AICA) and the presence or absence of overweight/obesity. Clinical, anthropometric and biochemical variables, grouped by type of DM were compared (Kruskal-Wallis or chi-squared test). The final analysis included 140 children; 18.57% T1ADM, 46.43% T1BDM, 12.14% T1.5DM, and 22.86% T2DM. Fasting C-Peptide (FCP), and hs-CRP levels were higher in T1.5DM and T2DM, and the greatest levels were observed in T1.5DM (p