Establishment a real-time reverse transcription PCR based on host biomarkers for the detection of the subclinical cases of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

• Published in: PloS one 2017-05, Vol.12 (5), p.e0178336-e0178336
• Main Authors: Park, Hyun-Eui, Park, Hong-Tae, Jung, Young Hoon, Yoo, Han Sang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal sciences; Animals; Asymptomatic Infections; Bioindicators; Biological markers; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - analysis; Biomarkers - blood; Bovidae; Cattle; Cattle Diseases - diagnosis; Cattle Diseases - microbiology; Control methods; Dairy cattle; Dairy industry; Diagnosis; Diagnostic systems; Economic impact; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary; Feces; Feces - chemistry; Feces - microbiology; Female; Gelatinase B; Gene expression; Genes; Genomics; Infections; Infectious diseases; Inflammatory bowel disease; Johne's disease; Medical diagnosis; Medicine and Health Sciences; Methods; Milk; Mycobacterium avium; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis - genetics; Paratuberculosis; Paratuberculosis - diagnosis; Paratuberculosis - microbiology; Physiological aspects; Polymerase chain reaction; Proteins; Real time; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary; Reproducibility of Results; Research and Analysis Methods; Reverse transcription; Sensitivity and Specificity; Subclinical infection; Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; Veterinary colleges; Veterinary medicine; Zoology
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178336

Bovine paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic enteric inflammatory disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) that causes large economic losses in the dairy industry. Spread of PTB is mainly provoked by a long subclinical stage during which MAP is shed into the environment with feces; accordingly, detection of subclinical animals is very important to its control. However, current diagnostic methods are not suitable for detection of subclinical animals. Therefore, the current study was conducted to develop a diagnostic method for analysis of the expression of genes of prognostic potential biomarker candidates in the whole blood of cattle naturally infected with MAP. Real-time PCR with nine potential biomarker candidates was developed for the diagnosis of MAP subclinical infection. Animals were divided into four groups based on fecal MAP PCR and serum ELISA. Eight genes (Timp1, Hp, Serpine1, Tfrc, Mmp9, Defb1, Defb10, and S100a8) were up-regulated in MAP-infected cattle (p