Evaluation of a strategy for enrolling the families of critically ill patients in research using limited human resources

• Published in: PloS one 2017-05, Vol.12 (5), p.e0177741-e0177741
• Main Authors: Turnbull, Alison E, Hashem, Mohamed D, Rabiee, Anahita, To, An, Chessare, Caroline M, Needham, Dale M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acceptability; Antibodies; Burns; Business law; Census; Children; Clinical decision making; Clinical trials; Colleges & universities; Computer programs; Consent; Critical care; Critical Care - economics; Critical Illness - economics; Critical Illness - therapy; Critically ill persons; Death; Decision making; Decisions; Delivery of Health Care - economics; Discharge; Disease control; Emotions; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Family; Female; Females; Habitability; Health aspects; Health care; Heart; Hospitals; Human performance; Human resources; Humans; Illnesses; Income; Intensive care; Intensive Care Units - economics; Intervention; Length of Stay - economics; Lungs; Male; Medical research; Medicine; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mental depression; Mental disorders; Middle Aged; Mortality; Nursing; Pain; Participation; Patients; People and Places; Personnel Selection - methods; Physical training; Post traumatic stress disorder; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Public health; Rehabilitation; Research - economics; Research and Analysis Methods; Social Sciences; Strategy; Surgery; Thorax; Ventilation; World Wide Web
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177741

Clinical trials of interventions aimed at the families of intensive care unit (ICU) patients have proliferated but recruitment for these trials can be challenging. To evaluate a strategy for recruiting families of patients currently being treated in an ICU using limited human resources and time-varying daily screening over 7 consecutive days. We screened the Johns Hopkins Hospital medical ICU census 7 days per week to identify eligible family members. We then made daily, in-person attempts to enroll eligible families during a time-varying 2-hour enrollment period until families declined participation, consented, or were no longer eligible. The primary outcome was the proportion of eligible patients for whom ≥1 family member was enrolled. Secondary outcomes included enrollment of legal healthcare proxies, the consent rate among families approached for enrollment, and success rates for recruiting at different times during the day and week. Among 284 eligible patients, 108 (38%, 95% CI 32%-44%) had ≥1 family member enrolled, and 75 (26%, 95% CI 21%-32%) had their legal healthcare proxy enrolled. Among 117 family members asked to participate, 108 (92%, 95% CI 86%-96%) were enrolled. Patients with versus without an enrolled proxy were more likely to be white (44% vs. 30%, P = .02), live in a zip code with a median income of ≥$100,000 (15% vs. 5%, P = .01), be mechanically ventilated (63% vs. 47%, P = .01), die in the ICU (19% vs. 9%, P = .03), and to have longer ICU stays (median 5.0 vs. 1.8 days, P90% of approached consented to participate. There are important demographic differences between patients with vs without an enrolled family member.