Tigers in the Terai: Strong evidence for meta-population dynamics contributing to tiger recovery and conservation in the Terai Arc Landscape

The source populations of tigers are mostly confined to protected areas, which are now becoming isolated. A landscape scale conservation strategy should strive to facilitate dispersal and survival of dispersing tigers by managing habitat corridors that enable tigers to traverse the matrix with minim...

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Published in:PloS one 2017-06, Vol.12 (6), p.e0177548-e0177548
Main Authors: Thapa, Kanchan, Wikramanayake, Eric, Malla, Sabita, Acharya, Krishna Prasad, Lamichhane, Babu Ram, Subedi, Naresh, Pokharel, Chiranjivi Prasad, Thapa, Gokarna Jung, Dhakal, Maheshwar, Bista, Ashish, Borah, Jimmy, Gupta, Mudit, Maurya, Kamlesh K, Gurung, Ghana Shyam, Jnawali, Shant Raj, Pradhan, Narendra Man Babu, Bhata, Shiv Raj, Koirala, Saroj, Ghose, Dipankar, Vattakaven, Joseph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal behavior
Animal populations
Animals
Biology and Life Sciences
Cameras
Conservation
Conservation of Natural Resources
Corridors
Datasets
Dispersal
Dispersion
Dynamics
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Ecosystem
Engineering and Technology
Growth rate
Habitat corridors
Habitats
India
Metapopulations
Models, Theoretical
National parks
Nepal
Panthera tigris
People and Places
Population biology
Population decline
Population Density
Population Dynamics
Population growth
Population number
Population statistics
Protected areas
Protection and preservation
Recovery
Recovery (Medical)
Reproduction
Survival
Tigers
Tigers - physiology
Wildcats
Wildlife conservation
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-c3f4a7fa2d799def6f7d2cc6c1ca491c180a583a7db64b8204968bc14447b9b33
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creator Thapa, Kanchan
Wikramanayake, Eric
Malla, Sabita
Acharya, Krishna Prasad
Lamichhane, Babu Ram
Subedi, Naresh
Pokharel, Chiranjivi Prasad
Thapa, Gokarna Jung
Dhakal, Maheshwar
Bista, Ashish
Borah, Jimmy
Gupta, Mudit
Maurya, Kamlesh K
Gurung, Ghana Shyam
Jnawali, Shant Raj
Pradhan, Narendra Man Babu
Bhata, Shiv Raj
Koirala, Saroj
Ghose, Dipankar
Vattakaven, Joseph
description The source populations of tigers are mostly confined to protected areas, which are now becoming isolated. A landscape scale conservation strategy should strive to facilitate dispersal and survival of dispersing tigers by managing habitat corridors that enable tigers to traverse the matrix with minimal conflict. We present evidence for tiger dispersal along transboundary protected areas complexes in the Terai Arc Landscape, a priority tiger landscape in Nepal and India, by comparing camera trap data, and through population models applied to the long term camera trap data sets. The former showed that 11 individual tigers used the corridors that connected the transboundary protected areas. The estimated population growth rates using the minimum observed population size in two protected areas in Nepal, Bardia National Park and Suklaphanta National Park showed that the increases were higher than expected from growth rates due to in situ reproduction alone. These lines of evidence suggests that tigers are recolonizing Nepal's protected areas from India, after a period of population decline, and that the tiger populations in the transboundary protected areas complexes may be maintained as meta-population. Our results demonstrate the importance of adopting a landscape-scale approach to tiger conservation, especially to improve population recovery and long term population persistence.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0177548
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one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Thapa, Kanchan</au><au>Wikramanayake, Eric</au><au>Malla, Sabita</au><au>Acharya, Krishna Prasad</au><au>Lamichhane, Babu Ram</au><au>Subedi, Naresh</au><au>Pokharel, Chiranjivi Prasad</au><au>Thapa, Gokarna Jung</au><au>Dhakal, Maheshwar</au><au>Bista, Ashish</au><au>Borah, Jimmy</au><au>Gupta, Mudit</au><au>Maurya, Kamlesh K</au><au>Gurung, Ghana Shyam</au><au>Jnawali, Shant Raj</au><au>Pradhan, Narendra Man Babu</au><au>Bhata, Shiv Raj</au><au>Koirala, Saroj</au><au>Ghose, Dipankar</au><au>Vattakaven, Joseph</au><au>Gratwicke, Brian</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Tigers in the Terai: Strong evidence for meta-population dynamics contributing to tiger recovery and conservation in the Terai Arc Landscape</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2017-06-07</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e0177548</spage><epage>e0177548</epage><pages>e0177548-e0177548</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The source populations of tigers are mostly confined to protected areas, which are now becoming isolated. A landscape scale conservation strategy should strive to facilitate dispersal and survival of dispersing tigers by managing habitat corridors that enable tigers to traverse the matrix with minimal conflict. We present evidence for tiger dispersal along transboundary protected areas complexes in the Terai Arc Landscape, a priority tiger landscape in Nepal and India, by comparing camera trap data, and through population models applied to the long term camera trap data sets. The former showed that 11 individual tigers used the corridors that connected the transboundary protected areas. The estimated population growth rates using the minimum observed population size in two protected areas in Nepal, Bardia National Park and Suklaphanta National Park showed that the increases were higher than expected from growth rates due to in situ reproduction alone. These lines of evidence suggests that tigers are recolonizing Nepal's protected areas from India, after a period of population decline, and that the tiger populations in the transboundary protected areas complexes may be maintained as meta-population. Our results demonstrate the importance of adopting a landscape-scale approach to tiger conservation, especially to improve population recovery and long term population persistence.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>28591175</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0177548</doi><tpages>e0177548</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3838-2804</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
ispartof PloS one, 2017-06, Vol.12 (6), p.e0177548-e0177548
issn 1932-6203
1932-6203
language eng
recordid cdi_plos_journals_1907228438
source PubMed (Medline); Publicly Available Content Database
subjects Animal behavior
Animal populations
Animals
Biology and Life Sciences
Cameras
Conservation
Conservation of Natural Resources
Corridors
Datasets
Dispersal
Dispersion
Dynamics
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Ecosystem
Engineering and Technology
Growth rate
Habitat corridors
Habitats
India
Metapopulations
Models, Theoretical
National parks
Nepal
Panthera tigris
People and Places
Population biology
Population decline
Population Density
Population Dynamics
Population growth
Population number
Population statistics
Protected areas
Protection and preservation
Recovery
Recovery (Medical)
Reproduction
Survival
Tigers
Tigers - physiology
Wildcats
Wildlife conservation
title Tigers in the Terai: Strong evidence for meta-population dynamics contributing to tiger recovery and conservation in the Terai Arc Landscape
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