Are sex ratio distorting endosymbionts responsible for mating system variation among dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae)?

Maternally inherited bacterial endosymbionts are common in many arthropod species. Some endosymbionts cause female-biased sex ratio distortion in their hosts that can result in profound changes to a host's mating behaviour and reproductive biology. Dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae) are well know...

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Published in:PloS one 2017-06, Vol.12 (6), p.e0178364-e0178364
Main Authors: Murray, Rosalind L, Herridge, Elizabeth J, Ness, Rob W, Bussière, Luc F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal behavior
Animals
Bacteria
Biodiversity
Biological Evolution
Biology
Biology and Life Sciences
Current distribution
Dance
Diptera
Diptera - classification
Diptera - microbiology
Distortion
Distribution
Endosymbionts
Evolution
Female
Flies
Forecasts and trends
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Incidence
Infections
Lek behavior
Linear Models
Male
Mating behavior
Medicine and Health Sciences
Parasites
Ratios
Reproduction
Reproductive behavior
Rickettsia
Rickettsia - physiology
Sex
Sex Ratio
Sexes
Species diversity
Species Specificity
Spiroplasma
Spiroplasma - physiology
Swarming
Symbionts
Symbiosis
Taxa
Wolbachia
Wolbachia - physiology
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Herridge, Elizabeth J
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description Maternally inherited bacterial endosymbionts are common in many arthropod species. Some endosymbionts cause female-biased sex ratio distortion in their hosts that can result in profound changes to a host's mating behaviour and reproductive biology. Dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae) are well known for their unusual reproductive biology, including species with female-specific ornamentation and female-biased lek-like swarming behaviour. The cause of the repeated evolution of female ornaments in these flies remains unknown, but is probably associated with female-biased sex ratios in individual species. In this study we assessed whether dance flies harbour sex ratio distorting endosymbionts that might have driven these mating system evolutionary changes. We measured the incidence and prevalence of infection by three endosymbionts that are known to cause female-biased sex ratios in other insect hosts (Wolbachia, Rickettsia and Spiroplasma) across 20 species of dance flies. We found evidence of widespread infection by all three symbionts and variation in sex-specific prevalence across the taxa sampled. However, there was no relationship between infection prevalence and adult sex ratio measures and no evidence that female ornaments are associated with high prevalences of sex-biased symbiont infections. We conclude that the current distribution of endosymbiont infections is unlikely to explain the diversity in mating systems among dance fly species.
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Some endosymbionts cause female-biased sex ratio distortion in their hosts that can result in profound changes to a host's mating behaviour and reproductive biology. Dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae) are well known for their unusual reproductive biology, including species with female-specific ornamentation and female-biased lek-like swarming behaviour. The cause of the repeated evolution of female ornaments in these flies remains unknown, but is probably associated with female-biased sex ratios in individual species. In this study we assessed whether dance flies harbour sex ratio distorting endosymbionts that might have driven these mating system evolutionary changes. We measured the incidence and prevalence of infection by three endosymbionts that are known to cause female-biased sex ratios in other insect hosts (Wolbachia, Rickettsia and Spiroplasma) across 20 species of dance flies. We found evidence of widespread infection by all three symbionts and variation in sex-specific prevalence across the taxa sampled. However, there was no relationship between infection prevalence and adult sex ratio measures and no evidence that female ornaments are associated with high prevalences of sex-biased symbiont infections. We conclude that the current distribution of endosymbiont infections is unlikely to explain the diversity in mating systems among dance fly species.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>28609446</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0178364</doi><tpages>e0178364</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6464-0072</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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1932-6203
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subjects Animal behavior
Animals
Bacteria
Biodiversity
Biological Evolution
Biology
Biology and Life Sciences
Current distribution
Dance
Diptera
Diptera - classification
Diptera - microbiology
Distortion
Distribution
Endosymbionts
Evolution
Female
Flies
Forecasts and trends
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Incidence
Infections
Lek behavior
Linear Models
Male
Mating behavior
Medicine and Health Sciences
Parasites
Ratios
Reproduction
Reproductive behavior
Rickettsia
Rickettsia - physiology
Sex
Sex Ratio
Sexes
Species diversity
Species Specificity
Spiroplasma
Spiroplasma - physiology
Swarming
Symbionts
Symbiosis
Taxa
Wolbachia
Wolbachia - physiology
title Are sex ratio distorting endosymbionts responsible for mating system variation among dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae)?
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-04T15%3A51%3A35IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Are%20sex%20ratio%20distorting%20endosymbionts%20responsible%20for%20mating%20system%20variation%20among%20dance%20flies%20(Diptera:%20Empidinae)?&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Murray,%20Rosalind%20L&rft.date=2017-06-13&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e0178364&rft.epage=e0178364&rft.pages=e0178364-e0178364&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0178364&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA495513521%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-ce0c5ec45fd43abd700ecb15f8ca33af1fe8c69f4f0d6d0e5afa5d58d45ab3473%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1909184890&rft_id=info:pmid/28609446&rft_galeid=A495513521&rfr_iscdi=true