Enhancing antibacterial effect of sodium hypochlorite by low electric current-assisted sonic agitation

• Published in: PloS one 2017-08, Vol.12 (8), p.e0183895-e0183895
• Main Authors: Maden, Murat, Ertuğrul, İhsan Furkan, Orhan, Ekim Onur, Erik, Cevat Emre, Yetiş, Ceylan Çağıl, Tuncer, Yasin, Kahriman, Mesud
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agitation; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Bacteria; Biofilms; Biofilms - drug effects; Biology and Life Sciences; Canine teeth; Care and treatment; Colonies; Decontamination; Dental Pulp Cavity - microbiology; Dental roots; Dentin; Dentistry; Disinfectants - pharmacology; Electric currents; Electricity; Electron microscopy; Engineering and Technology; Enterococcal infections; Enterococcus faecalis - drug effects; Enterococcus faecalis - physiology; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - drug therapy; Health aspects; Humans; Irrigation; Lavage; Medicine and Health Sciences; Microorganisms; Periodontal diseases; Physical Sciences; Root Canal Therapy; Scanning electron microscopy; Sodium; Sodium hypochlorite; Sodium Hypochlorite - pharmacology; Sonication - methods; Teeth; Ultrasonic imaging
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183895

This research focused on the effects of low electric current (μE)-assisted sonic agitation of sodium hypochlorite on Enterococcus faecalis infected human root dentin. Extracted human canine roots were instrumented, sterilized, and experimentally contaminated with E. faecalis. After incubation for 21 days, the presence of the biofilm was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (n = 3). Roots were randomly divided into seven groups according to decontamination procedures: G1: no treatment; G2: sterile saline; G3: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite; G4: passive ultrasonic irrigation; G5: EndoActivator (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) agitation (EA); G6: μE agitation; and G7: μE-assisted sonic agitation. Fixed μE amperage and intensities were applied in G6 and G7. Following microbial sampling, bacterial colonies were counted using the direct plating method. Biofilm was not eradicated in any sample. The μE-assisted sonic agitation of sodium hypochlorite revealed the lowest cfu values (p0.05). Based on available evidence, the following conclusions were drawn: The μE-assisted sonic agitation increased the antibiofilm efficiency of sodium hypochlorite than passive ultrasonic irrigation and EndoActivator. The μE-assisted sonic agitation on 5.25% sodium hypochlorite is not capable to eradicate biofilms at 10mA energy level in 60s.