Childhood stunting in relation to the pre- and postnatal environment during the first 2 years of life: The MAL-ED longitudinal birth cohort study

Stunting is the most prevalent manifestation of childhood malnutrition. To characterize factors that contribute to stunting in resource-poor settings, we studied a priori selected biological and social factors collected longitudinally in a cohort of newborns. We enrolled 1,868 children across 7 reso...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS medicine 2017-10, Vol.14 (10), p.e1002408-e1002408
Main Author: MAL-ED Network Investigators
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Age Factors
Anthropometry
Anthropometry - methods
Antibiotics
Bangladesh - epidemiology
Body Height
Brazil - epidemiology
Child, Preschool
Childhood
Children
Children & youth
Cohort analysis
Data processing
Demography
Developing Countries - statistics & numerical data
Diarrhea
Diet
Dietary intake
DNA methylation
Eating
Environment
Female
Growth Disorders - diagnosis
Growth Disorders - epidemiology
Growth Disorders - etiology
Health aspects
Humans
India - epidemiology
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infections
Inflammation
Longitudinal Studies
Low income groups
Male
Malnutrition
Maternal Health - statistics & numerical data
Micronutrients
Missing data
Neonates
Nepal - epidemiology
Newborn infants
Nutrition Assessment
Nutrition research
Pediatric diseases
Permeability
Peru - epidemiology
Premature birth
Proteins
Risk Assessment - methods
Risk Assessment - statistics & numerical data
Risk Factors
Socioeconomic Factors
Socioeconomics
South Africa - epidemiology
Stools
Studies
Tanzania - epidemiology
Urine
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Summary:Stunting is the most prevalent manifestation of childhood malnutrition. To characterize factors that contribute to stunting in resource-poor settings, we studied a priori selected biological and social factors collected longitudinally in a cohort of newborns. We enrolled 1,868 children across 7 resource-poor settings in Bangladesh, Brazil, India, Nepal, Peru, South Africa, and Tanzania shortly after birth and followed them for 24 months between 2 November 2009 and 28 February 2014. We collected longitudinal anthropometry, sociodemographic factors, maternal-reported illnesses, and antibiotic use; child feeding practices; dietary intake starting at 9 months; and longitudinal blood, urine, and stool samples to investigate non-diarrheal enteropathogens, micronutrients, gut inflammation and permeability, and systemic inflammation. We categorized length-for-age Z-scores into 3 groups (not stunted, ≥-1; at risk,
ISSN:1549-1676
1549-1277
1549-1676
DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002408