Factors associated with urinary tract infections among HIV-1 infected patients

• Published in: PloS one 2018-01, Vol.13 (1), p.e0190564-e0190564
• Main Authors: Skrzat-Klapaczyńska, Agata, Matłosz, Bartłomiej, Bednarska, Agnieszka, Paciorek, Marcin, Firląg-Burkacka, Ewa, Horban, Andrzej, Kowalska, Justyna D
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Adult; AIDS; Analysis; Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Biology and Life Sciences; CD4 antigen; Cell culture; Diabetes; Drug resistance; Drug therapy; E coli; Epidemiology; Female; Females; Health aspects; Health risk assessment; Hepatitis; HIV; HIV Infections - complications; HIV patients; HIV-1; Hospitals; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Identification; Infections; Infectious diseases; Lymphocytes; Male; Males; Mathematical models; Median (statistics); Medical prognosis; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mens health; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Patients; People and Places; Population; Population (statistical); Regression analysis; Regression models; Ribonucleic acid; Risk factors; RNA; Statistical analysis; Urinary tract; Urinary tract diseases; Urinary tract infections; Urinary Tract Infections - complications; Urine; Urogenital system; Viruses
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190564

Urinary tract infections remain an important yet underinvestigated clinical problem among HIV infected patients. Here we analyze factors associated with its occurrence and the spectrum of bacterial pathogens identified in the group of patients followed at the HIV Out-Patient Clinic in Warsaw. Clinic database collected all medical information on patients routinely followed since 1994 to 2015. All patients with available urine culture were included into analyses, only the first culture was included. In statistical analyses logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with positive culture. In total 608 patients had urine culture performed, 176 (28.9%) were females and 432 (71,1%) were males, 378 (62.2%) registered in care before/in 2007, 258 (42.4%) infected through homosexual contact. Median baseline lymphocyte CD4+ count was 385 (IQR:204-565) cells/μl and median nadir lymphocyte CD4+ count 197 (86-306) cells/μl. One hundred and eighteen patients were actively infected with HCV, as defined by positive real-time PCR. In total 141 (23.2%) patients had positive urine culture, the most common bacterial pathogen was E.coli (58.2%) and E. faecalis (12.8%). Patients with urinary tract infection were more likely to be female (51.8% vs. 22.1%, p