Nanometer scale titanium surface texturing are detected by signaling pathways involving transient FAK and Src activations

• Published in: PloS one 2014, Vol.9 (7), p.e95662
• Main Authors: Zambuzzi, Willian F, Bonfante, Estevam A, Jimbo, Ryo, Hayashi, Mariko, Andersson, Martin, Alves, Gutemberg, Takamori, Esther R, Beltrão, Paulo J, Coelho, Paulo G, Granjeiro, José M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 3T3 Cells; Acids; Adhesion; Adhesion tests; Adsorption; Animals; Atomic beam spectroscopy; Atomic force microscopy; Biocompatibility; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology; Biocompatible Materials - toxicity; Biology; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomarkers; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell Differentiation - drug effects; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6 - metabolism; Cytotoxicity; Dentistry; Electron microscopy; Engineering; Enzyme Activation - drug effects; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects; Hydroxyapatite; Interferometry; Kinases; Mice; Mineralization; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Nanotechnology; Odontology; Osteoblasts - cytology; Osteoblasts - drug effects; Osteoblasts - metabolism; Pathways; Phosphatase; Phosphorylation; Phosphorylation - drug effects; Photoelectron spectroscopy; Photoelectrons; Physical Sciences; Protein adsorption; Proteins; Scanning electron microscopy; Signal transduction; Signaling; Spectroscopy; Src protein; src-Family Kinases - metabolism; Surface Properties; Texturing; Time Factors; Titanium; Titanium - chemistry; Titanium - pharmacology; Titanium - toxicity; Titanium alloys; Topography; Toxicity; Transplants & implants; X ray spectroscopy
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095662

It is known that physico/chemical alterations on biomaterial surfaces have the capability to modulate cellular behavior, affecting early tissue repair. Such surface modifications are aimed to improve early healing response and, clinically, offer the possibility to shorten the time from implant placement to functional loading. Since FAK and Src are intracellular proteins able to predict the quality of osteoblast adhesion, this study evaluated the osteoblast behavior in response to nanometer scale titanium surface texturing by monitoring FAK and Src phosphorylations. Four engineered titanium surfaces were used for the study: machined (M), dual acid-etched (DAA), resorbable media microblasted and acid-etched (MBAA), and acid-etch microblasted (AAMB). Surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, interferometry, atomic force microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Thereafter, those 4 samples were used to evaluate their cytotoxicity and interference on FAK and Src phosphorylations. Both Src and FAK were investigated by using specific antibody against specific phosphorylation sites. The results showed that both FAK and Src activations were differently modulated as a function of titanium surfaces physico/chemical configuration and protein adsorption. It can be suggested that signaling pathways involving both FAK and Src could provide biomarkers to predict osteoblast adhesion onto different surfaces.