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Leaf traits drive plant diversity effects on litter decomposition and FPOM production in streams
Biodiversity loss in riparian forests has the potential to alter rates of leaf litter decomposition in stream ecosystems. However, studies have reported the full range of positive, negative and no effects of plant diversity loss on decomposition, and there is currently no explanation for such incons...
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Published in: | PloS one 2018-05, Vol.13 (5), p.e0198243-e0198243 |
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description | Biodiversity loss in riparian forests has the potential to alter rates of leaf litter decomposition in stream ecosystems. However, studies have reported the full range of positive, negative and no effects of plant diversity loss on decomposition, and there is currently no explanation for such inconsistent results. Furthermore, it is uncertain whether plant diversity loss affects other ecological processes related to decomposition, such as fine particulate organic matter production or detritivore growth, which precludes a thorough understanding of how detrital stream food webs are impacted by plant diversity loss. We used a microcosm experiment to examine the effects of plant diversity loss on litter decomposition, fine particulate organic matter production, and growth of a dominant leaf-shredding detritivore, using litter mixtures varying in species composition. We hypothesized that plant diversity loss would decrease the rates of all studied processes, but such effects would depend on the leaf traits present in litter mixtures (both their average values and their variability). Our findings partly supported our hypotheses, showing that plant diversity loss had a consistently negative effect on litter decomposition and fine particulate organic matter production (but not on detritivore growth) across litter mixtures, which was mediated by detritivores. Importantly, the magnitude of the diversity effect and the relative importance of different mechanisms underlying this effect (i.e., complementarity vs. selection) varied depending on the species composition of litter mixtures, mainly because of differences in litter nutritional quality and trait variability. Complementarity was prevalent but varied in size, with positive selection effects also occurring in some mixtures. Our results support the notion that loss of riparian plant species is detrimental to key stream ecosystem processes that drive detrital food webs, but that the magnitude of such effects largely depends on the the order of species loss. |
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However, studies have reported the full range of positive, negative and no effects of plant diversity loss on decomposition, and there is currently no explanation for such inconsistent results. Furthermore, it is uncertain whether plant diversity loss affects other ecological processes related to decomposition, such as fine particulate organic matter production or detritivore growth, which precludes a thorough understanding of how detrital stream food webs are impacted by plant diversity loss. We used a microcosm experiment to examine the effects of plant diversity loss on litter decomposition, fine particulate organic matter production, and growth of a dominant leaf-shredding detritivore, using litter mixtures varying in species composition. We hypothesized that plant diversity loss would decrease the rates of all studied processes, but such effects would depend on the leaf traits present in litter mixtures (both their average values and their variability). Our findings partly supported our hypotheses, showing that plant diversity loss had a consistently negative effect on litter decomposition and fine particulate organic matter production (but not on detritivore growth) across litter mixtures, which was mediated by detritivores. Importantly, the magnitude of the diversity effect and the relative importance of different mechanisms underlying this effect (i.e., complementarity vs. selection) varied depending on the species composition of litter mixtures, mainly because of differences in litter nutritional quality and trait variability. Complementarity was prevalent but varied in size, with positive selection effects also occurring in some mixtures. Our results support the notion that loss of riparian plant species is detrimental to key stream ecosystem processes that drive detrital food webs, but that the magnitude of such effects largely depends on the the order of species loss.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198243</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29813129</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Biodiversity ; Biodiversity conservation ; Biodiversity loss ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Complementarity ; Composition ; Corylus ; Decomposition ; Detritivores ; Ecology ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Ecosystem biology ; Ecosystems ; Environmental aspects ; Flowers & plants ; Food chains ; Food webs ; Laboratories ; Leaf litter ; Leaves ; Methods ; Natural resources ; Organic matter ; Particulate organic matter ; Physical Sciences ; Plant biology ; Plant diversity ; Positive selection ; Quercus ; Riparian areas ; Riparian environments ; Riparian forests ; Shredding ; Species composition ; Species diversity ; Variability</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-05, Vol.13 (5), p.e0198243-e0198243</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2018 López-Rojo et al. 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However, studies have reported the full range of positive, negative and no effects of plant diversity loss on decomposition, and there is currently no explanation for such inconsistent results. Furthermore, it is uncertain whether plant diversity loss affects other ecological processes related to decomposition, such as fine particulate organic matter production or detritivore growth, which precludes a thorough understanding of how detrital stream food webs are impacted by plant diversity loss. We used a microcosm experiment to examine the effects of plant diversity loss on litter decomposition, fine particulate organic matter production, and growth of a dominant leaf-shredding detritivore, using litter mixtures varying in species composition. We hypothesized that plant diversity loss would decrease the rates of all studied processes, but such effects would depend on the leaf traits present in litter mixtures (both their average values and their variability). 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One</addtitle><date>2018-05-29</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0198243</spage><epage>e0198243</epage><pages>e0198243-e0198243</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Biodiversity loss in riparian forests has the potential to alter rates of leaf litter decomposition in stream ecosystems. However, studies have reported the full range of positive, negative and no effects of plant diversity loss on decomposition, and there is currently no explanation for such inconsistent results. Furthermore, it is uncertain whether plant diversity loss affects other ecological processes related to decomposition, such as fine particulate organic matter production or detritivore growth, which precludes a thorough understanding of how detrital stream food webs are impacted by plant diversity loss. We used a microcosm experiment to examine the effects of plant diversity loss on litter decomposition, fine particulate organic matter production, and growth of a dominant leaf-shredding detritivore, using litter mixtures varying in species composition. We hypothesized that plant diversity loss would decrease the rates of all studied processes, but such effects would depend on the leaf traits present in litter mixtures (both their average values and their variability). Our findings partly supported our hypotheses, showing that plant diversity loss had a consistently negative effect on litter decomposition and fine particulate organic matter production (but not on detritivore growth) across litter mixtures, which was mediated by detritivores. Importantly, the magnitude of the diversity effect and the relative importance of different mechanisms underlying this effect (i.e., complementarity vs. selection) varied depending on the species composition of litter mixtures, mainly because of differences in litter nutritional quality and trait variability. Complementarity was prevalent but varied in size, with positive selection effects also occurring in some mixtures. Our results support the notion that loss of riparian plant species is detrimental to key stream ecosystem processes that drive detrital food webs, but that the magnitude of such effects largely depends on the the order of species loss.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29813129</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0198243</doi><tpages>e0198243</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5952-6950</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Biodiversity Biodiversity conservation Biodiversity loss Biology and Life Sciences Complementarity Composition Corylus Decomposition Detritivores Ecology Ecology and Environmental Sciences Ecosystem biology Ecosystems Environmental aspects Flowers & plants Food chains Food webs Laboratories Leaf litter Leaves Methods Natural resources Organic matter Particulate organic matter Physical Sciences Plant biology Plant diversity Positive selection Quercus Riparian areas Riparian environments Riparian forests Shredding Species composition Species diversity Variability |
title | Leaf traits drive plant diversity effects on litter decomposition and FPOM production in streams |
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