Probing structural changes in single enveloped virus particles using nano-infrared spectroscopic imaging

Enveloped viruses, such as HIV, Ebola and Influenza, are among the most deadly known viruses. Cellular membrane penetration of enveloped viruses is a critical step in the cascade of events that lead to entry into the host cell. Conventional ensemble fusion assays rely on collective responses to memb...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2018-06, Vol.13 (6), p.e0199112-e0199112
Main Authors: Gamage, Sampath, Howard, Marquez, Makita, Hiroki, Cross, Brendan, Hastings, Gary, Luo, Ming, Abate, Yohannes
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Astronomy
Biology and Life Sciences
Cell fusion
Cell Membrane - chemistry
Chemical properties
Dogs
Fourier transforms
Genomes
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Influenza
Influenza viruses
Infrared imaging
Infrared spectroscopy
Lipids
Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
Medical imaging
Medicine and Health Sciences
Membrane Fusion
Membranes
Microscopy
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology - methods
Organic chemistry
Orthomyxoviridae - chemistry
Orthomyxoviridae - physiology
Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology
pH effects
Phase transitions
Physical Sciences
Physics
Proteins
Research and Analysis Methods
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared - methods
Structure
Studies
Viral infections
Virion - chemistry
Virion - physiology
Virus Internalization
Viruses
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Summary:Enveloped viruses, such as HIV, Ebola and Influenza, are among the most deadly known viruses. Cellular membrane penetration of enveloped viruses is a critical step in the cascade of events that lead to entry into the host cell. Conventional ensemble fusion assays rely on collective responses to membrane fusion events, and do not allow direct and quantitative studies of the subtle and intricate fusion details. Such details are accessible via single particle investigation techniques, however. Here, we implement nano-infrared spectroscopic imaging to investigate the chemical and structural modifications that occur prior to membrane fusion in the single archetypal enveloped virus, influenza X31. We traced in real-space structural and spectroscopic alterations that occur during environmental pH variations in single virus particles. In addition, using nanospectroscopic imaging we quantified the effectiveness of an antiviral compound in stopping viral membrane disruption (a novel mechanism for inhibiting viral entry into cells) during environmental pH variations.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0199112