Differences in adiposity and diet quality among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern Canada

• Published in: PloS one 2018-07, Vol.13 (7), p.e0200580-e0200580
• Main Authors: DeClercq, Vanessa, Langille, Morgan G I, Van Limbergen, Johan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abdomen; Adipose tissue; Adiposity; Adult; Aged; Alcohol; Analysis; Biology and Life Sciences; Body composition; Body composition (biology); Body mass; Body Mass Index; Body size; Body weight; Canada - epidemiology; Care and treatment; Chronic conditions; Cohort Studies; Colitis, Ulcerative - epidemiology; Colorectal cancer; Comorbidity; Correlation; Crohn Disease - epidemiology; Crohn's disease; Cytokines; Diet; Eggs; Ethics; Exercise; Family medical history; Female; Fruits; Gastroenterology; Grain; Health care networks; Humans; Incidence; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Intestine; Legumes; Lifestyles; Logistic regression; Male; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metabolism; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Mortality; Nutrition Assessment; Nutrition research; Nuts; Obesity; Obesity - epidemiology; Quality; Questionnaires; Regression analysis; Risk factors; Seeds; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tofu; Ulcerative colitis; Vegetables
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200580

The objective of the current study was to characterize the relationship between diet quality and body composition in participants living with IBD, specifically Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC), in Atlantic Canada. Participants from the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (PATH) study are residents of one of the four Atlantic Canada provinces. Participants who completed the dietary questionnaire and had body composition measured were included in the study (n = 12,462 without IBD, n = 111 CD, n = 119 UC). A greater number of participants with IBD reported having multiple chronic conditions compared to those without IBD. Those with UC had statistically higher body weight and body mass index (BMI) compared to those without IBD. Overall, significant positive correlations were observed between adiposity and servings of refined grains, and meats and alternatives such as eggs and fish, whereas negative correlations were observed with servings of vegetables, fruit, whole grains, and alternatives such as tofu, and nuts/seeds. Participants with IBD (both CD and UC) consumed more refined grains than those without IBD. Using logistic regression analysis, participants consuming more servings of vegetables and whole grains were less likely to have CD where as those consuming more serving of fruit and bean/legumes were less likely to have UC. In the Atlantic PATH cohort, which includes a region of the world with a high incidence of IBD, distinct differences in adiposity and diet quality were observed in individuals with specific types of IBD compared to those without. There is a need for collaborative efforts to address weight management and diet quality issues in those living with IBD in the Atlantic Canadian region.