Pre-Solutrean rock art in southernmost Europe: Evidence from Las Ventanas Cave (Andalusia, Spain)

The south of Iberia conserves an important group of Palaeolithic rock art sites. The graphisms have been mostly attributed to the Solutrean and Magdalenian periods, while the possibility that older remains exist has provoked extensive debate. This circumstance has been linked to both the cited perio...

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Published in:PloS one 2018-10, Vol.13 (10), p.e0204651-e0204651
Main Authors: Cortés-Sánchez, Miguel, Riquelme-Cantal, José Antonio, Simón-Vallejo, María Dolores, Parrilla Giráldez, Rubén, Odriozola, Carlos P, Calle Román, Lydia, Carrión, José S, Monge Gómez, Guadalupe, Rodríguez Vidal, Joaquín, Moyano Campos, Juan José, Rico Delgado, Fernando, Nieto Julián, Juan Enrique, Antón García, Daniel, Martínez-Aguirre, M Aránzazu, Jiménez Barredo, Fernando, Cantero-Chinchilla, Francisco N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Archaeology
Art - history
Biology and Life Sciences
Caves
Coloring Agents - chemistry
Coloring Agents - history
Earth Sciences
Engineering and Technology
Engraving
Engraving and Engravings - history
History, Ancient
Hominids
Homo neanderthalensis
Humans
Interdisciplinary aspects
Interdisciplinary research
Interdisciplinary studies
Neanderthals
Paleolithic
Petroglyphs
Physical Sciences
Radiometric Dating
Rock drawings
Rocks
Social Sciences
Spain
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a715t-b734fa2d349d088ae6ddfe1738dcbc500dcfc56d444d1fcd1734c3e29d2c56653
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container_issue 10
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creator Cortés-Sánchez, Miguel
Riquelme-Cantal, José Antonio
Simón-Vallejo, María Dolores
Parrilla Giráldez, Rubén
Odriozola, Carlos P
Calle Román, Lydia
Carrión, José S
Monge Gómez, Guadalupe
Rodríguez Vidal, Joaquín
Moyano Campos, Juan José
Rico Delgado, Fernando
Nieto Julián, Juan Enrique
Antón García, Daniel
Martínez-Aguirre, M Aránzazu
Jiménez Barredo, Fernando
Cantero-Chinchilla, Francisco N
description The south of Iberia conserves an important group of Palaeolithic rock art sites. The graphisms have been mostly attributed to the Solutrean and Magdalenian periods, while the possibility that older remains exist has provoked extensive debate. This circumstance has been linked to both the cited periods, until recently, due to the transition from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic in the extreme southwest of Europe as well as the non-existence of some of the early periods of Palaeolithic art documented in northern Iberia. This study presents the results of interdisciplinary research conducted in Las Ventanas Cave. These results enabled us to identify a new Palaeolithic rock art site. The technical, stylistic and temporal traits point to certain similarities with the range of exterior deep engravings in Cantabrian Palaeolithic rock art. Ventanas appears to corroborate the age attributed to those kinds of graphic expression and points to the early arrival of the Upper Palaeolithic in the south of Iberia. Importantly, the results provide information on the pre-Solutrean date attributed to trilinear hind figures. These findings challenge the supposed Neanderthal survival idea at one of the main late Middle Palaeolithic southern Iberian sites (Carigüela) and, due to the parallels between them and an engraving attributed to this period in Gibraltar, it raises the possibility of interaction between modern humans and Neanderthals in the extreme southwest of Europe.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0204651
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F.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pre-Solutrean rock art in southernmost Europe: Evidence from Las Ventanas Cave (Andalusia, Spain)</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2018-10-17</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>e0204651</spage><epage>e0204651</epage><pages>e0204651-e0204651</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The south of Iberia conserves an important group of Palaeolithic rock art sites. The graphisms have been mostly attributed to the Solutrean and Magdalenian periods, while the possibility that older remains exist has provoked extensive debate. This circumstance has been linked to both the cited periods, until recently, due to the transition from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic in the extreme southwest of Europe as well as the non-existence of some of the early periods of Palaeolithic art documented in northern Iberia. This study presents the results of interdisciplinary research conducted in Las Ventanas Cave. These results enabled us to identify a new Palaeolithic rock art site. The technical, stylistic and temporal traits point to certain similarities with the range of exterior deep engravings in Cantabrian Palaeolithic rock art. Ventanas appears to corroborate the age attributed to those kinds of graphic expression and points to the early arrival of the Upper Palaeolithic in the south of Iberia. Importantly, the results provide information on the pre-Solutrean date attributed to trilinear hind figures. These findings challenge the supposed Neanderthal survival idea at one of the main late Middle Palaeolithic southern Iberian sites (Carigüela) and, due to the parallels between them and an engraving attributed to this period in Gibraltar, it raises the possibility of interaction between modern humans and Neanderthals in the extreme southwest of Europe.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>30332432</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0204651</doi><tpages>e0204651</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4267-2433</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4411-2528</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1413-3811</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-8949</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-6159</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
ispartof PloS one, 2018-10, Vol.13 (10), p.e0204651-e0204651
issn 1932-6203
1932-6203
language eng
recordid cdi_plos_journals_2121471546
source Publicly Available Content (ProQuest); PubMed Central
subjects Animals
Archaeology
Art - history
Biology and Life Sciences
Caves
Coloring Agents - chemistry
Coloring Agents - history
Earth Sciences
Engineering and Technology
Engraving
Engraving and Engravings - history
History, Ancient
Hominids
Homo neanderthalensis
Humans
Interdisciplinary aspects
Interdisciplinary research
Interdisciplinary studies
Neanderthals
Paleolithic
Petroglyphs
Physical Sciences
Radiometric Dating
Rock drawings
Rocks
Social Sciences
Spain
title Pre-Solutrean rock art in southernmost Europe: Evidence from Las Ventanas Cave (Andalusia, Spain)
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