Diurnal change of retinal vessel density and mean ocular perfusion pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma

• Published in: PloS one 2019-04, Vol.14 (4), p.e0215684-e0215684
• Main Authors: Baek, Sung Uk, Kim, Young Kook, Ha, Ahnul, Kim, Yong Woo, Lee, Jinho, Kim, Jin-Soo, Jeoung, Jin Wook, Park, Ki Ho
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Age; Aged; Angiography; Angiography - methods; Blood pressure; Blood Pressure - physiology; Blood Pressure Determination; Blood vessels; Care and treatment; Circadian Rhythm; Cross-Sectional Studies; Defects; Density; Development and progression; Diagnostic imaging; Diurnal variations; Eye (anatomy); Female; Glaucoma; Glaucoma, Open-Angle - diagnostic imaging; Glaucoma, Open-Angle - physiopathology; Health aspects; Healthy Volunteers; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension; Intraocular pressure; Intraocular Pressure - physiology; Male; Measurement; Medical imaging; Medical research; Medicine; Middle Aged; Open-angle glaucoma; Optical Coherence Tomography; Optics; Perfusion; Physiology; Prospective Studies; Reproducibility; Reproducibility of Results; Retina; Retinal vessels; Retinal Vessels - diagnostic imaging; Retinal Vessels - physiopathology; Tomography; Tomography, Optical Coherence - methods; Tonometry, Ocular
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215684

To investigate, in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and healthy subjects, the pattern and magnitude of diurnal variation in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) retinal vessel density (RVD). Prospective, observational cross-sectional study. A prospective study was conducted on 20POAG patients and 19 healthy subjects. Peripapillary/macular RVD (using swept-source OCTA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and systemic blood pressure (BP) were measured five times a day (8 a.m., 11 a.m., 2 p.m.,5 p.m. and 8 p.m.). The magnitudes and patterns of diurnal changes in RVD, diastolic BP, and mean ocular-perfusion pressure (MOPP) were analyzed and compared between the POAG patients and the healthy subjects. The patterns and magnitudes of diurnal RVD change in OCTA. Intra-visit repeatability (0.755-0.943) and inter-visit reproducibility (0.843-0.986) for the RVD measurements showed excellent reliability. In the POAG patients, the magnitude of diurnal change in peripapillary RVD (9.71±7.04%) and macular RVD (7.22±4.73%) were significantly greater than that in the healthy group (5.73±3.85%, P = 0.013 and 5.51±3.45%, P = 0.042, respectively). The magnitudes of diurnal variations of IOP and MOPP in the POAG group likewise were greater than those in the healthy group (P = 0.003 and 0.039). As for the patterns of diurnal RVD change, interestingly, at 8 p.m., the macular RVD of the healthy group increased to the highest level (44.12±2.95%) while that of the POAG group decreased to the lowest level (40.41±2.54%). In POAG eyes, diurnal change of IOP, MOPP and RVD was significantly greater than in the healthy eyes. These findings suggest that diurnal RVD changes might reflect the hemodynamic variation of POAG.