FDG PET/CT for the early prediction of RAI therapy response in patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma

• Published in: PloS one 2019-06, Vol.14 (6), p.e0218416-e0218416
• Main Authors: Kang, Seo Young, Bang, Ji-In, Kang, Keon Wook, Lee, Ho-Young, Chung, June-Key
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Avidity; Biology and Life Sciences; Cancer; Cancer metastasis; Cancer patients; Carcinoma; Care and treatment; Cell Differentiation; Child; Computed tomography; Correlation; Disease control; Drug dosages; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 - chemistry; Glucose; Histology; Hospitals; Humans; Iodine; Iodine 131; Iodine radioisotopes; Iodine Radioisotopes - therapeutic use; Lesions; Male; Medical imaging; Medical prognosis; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metastases; Metastasis; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nuclear medicine; Patients; Physical Sciences; Positron emission; Positron emission tomography; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Research and Analysis Methods; Sodium; Sorafenib; Subgroups; Therapy; Thyroid; Thyroid cancer; Thyroid carcinoma; Thyroid diseases; Thyroid function tests; Thyroid Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging; Thyroid Neoplasms - pathology; Thyroid Neoplasms - therapy; Tomography; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218416

In some patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer, even if they had substantial of radioactive iodine (RAI) uptake, the RAI therapy response was poor. We investigated the usefulness of FDG PET/CT for the early prediction of RAI therapy response in the patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The 54 metastatic DTC patients who underwent both RAI therapy scan and FDG PET/CT at the same period were enrolled in the study. Clinical information and several parameters from RAI therapy scan and FDG PET/CT were investigated. Therapeutic response of RAI was assessed as two categories: response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR). Twenty-two patients (41%) had therapeutic response to RAI therapy, whereas 32 (59%) patients did not. There were no significant differences in age, sex, stage, histology, metastasis site, stimulated Tg or Tg-Ab, therapeutic doses, and even RAI uptake pattern among two groups. However, there was a significant negative correlation between FDG avidity of metastatic lesions and RR (OR = 0.233; p = 0.016). Although the patient group with only RAI uptake showed a significant correlation with RR (OR = 5.833; p = 0.01), the patient group with both RAI and FDG uptake did not show any significant correlation with RR. In the subgroup analysis, uptake grades of RAI or FDG was well correlated with DCR. The patient group with FDG uptake in metastatic DTC showed poor response to RAI therapy regardless of the degree of RAI uptake. Therefore, FDG PET/CT may help us identify the patients with radioiodine refractory DTC and establish an appropriate treatment strategy in the early period.