Impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in Togo

• Published in: PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2018-08, Vol.12 (8), p.e0006551-e0006551
• Main Authors: Bronzan, Rachel N, Dorkenoo, Ameyo M, Agbo, Yao M, Halatoko, Wemboo, Layibo, Yao, Adjeloh, Poukpessi, Teko, Menssah, Sossou, Efoe, Yakpa, Kossi, Tchalim, Mawèké, Datagni, Gbati, Seim, Anders, Sognikin, Koffi S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Albendazole; Analysis; Anemia; Anthelmintics - administration & dosage; Anthelmintics - therapeutic use; Baseline studies; Biology and Life Sciences; Care and treatment; Chemotherapy; Child; Children; Cost control; Disease; Diseases; Drug administration and dosage; Drugs; Feces - parasitology; Female; Helminthiasis - drug therapy; Helminthiasis - epidemiology; Humans; Hygiene; Infections; Laboratories; Male; Mass Drug Administration; Medical treatment; Medicine and Health Sciences; Ova; Parasite Egg Count; Parasitic diseases; Polls & surveys; Prevalence; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology); Public health; Public Health Administration; Risk factors; Samples; Sanitation; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis; Schistosomiasis - drug therapy; Schistosomiasis - epidemiology; Schools; Social Sciences; Soil; Soil - parasitology; Surveying; Systematic review; Togo - epidemiology; Tropical diseases; Urine
• ISSN: 1935-2735; 1935-2727; 1935-2735
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006551

Togo has conducted annual, integrated, community-based mass drug administration (MDA) for soil-transmitted helminths (STH) and schistosomiasis since 2010. Treatment frequency and target populations are determined by disease prevalence, as measured by baseline surveys in 2007 and 2009, and WHO guidelines. Reported programmatic treatment coverage has averaged over 94%. Togo conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2015 to assess the impact of four to five years of MDA on these diseases. In every sub-district in the country outside the capital, the same schools were visited as at baseline and a sample of fifteen children age 6 to 9 years old was drawn. Each child submitted urine and a stool sample. Urine samples were tested by dipstick for the presence of blood as a proxy measure of Schistosoma haematobium infection. Stool samples were analyzed by the Kato-Katz method for STH and Schistosoma mansoni. At baseline, 17,100 children were enrolled at 1,129 schools in 562 sub-districts; in 2015, 16,890 children were enrolled at the same schools. The overall prevalence of both STH and schistosomiasis declined significantly, from 31.5% to 11.6% for STH and from 23.5% to 5.0% for schistosomiasis (p