Perceived social support functions as a resilience in buffering the impact of trauma exposure on PTSD symptoms via intrusive rumination and entrapment in firefighters

Resilience has been highlighted as a pivotal factor in overcoming the detrimental impact of trauma. The present study tests a resilience model of trauma using risk (rumination, emotion regulation, and entrapment) and protective (perceived social support) factors in a sample of firefighters who are a...

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Published in:PloS one 2019-08, Vol.14 (8), p.e0220454-e0220454
Main Author: Lee, Jong-Sun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Anxiety
Biology and Life Sciences
Buffers
Cities and towns
Cognition & reasoning
Coping
Cross-Sectional Studies
Development and progression
Diagnosis
Emotions
Entrapment
Exposure
Female
Firefighters
Firefighters - psychology
Health aspects
Humans
Male
Mediation
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Middle Aged
Occupational health
Perceptions
Post traumatic stress disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Psychological aspects
Psychological stress
Questionnaires
Republic of Korea
Research and Analysis Methods
Resilience
Resilience, Psychological
Risk factors
Rumination
Rumination, Cognitive - physiology
Self Report
Sex crimes
Social interactions
Social Sciences
Social Support
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology
Studies
Suicides & suicide attempts
Surveys and Questionnaires
Trauma
Veterans
Working conditions
Young Adult
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description Resilience has been highlighted as a pivotal factor in overcoming the detrimental impact of trauma. The present study tests a resilience model of trauma using risk (rumination, emotion regulation, and entrapment) and protective (perceived social support) factors in a sample of firefighters who are at heightened risk for post-traumatic stress disorder, using a cross-sectional design. Specifically, the present study focuses on perceived social support as a resilience factor against PTSD symptoms, in response to trauma exposure. The sample included 545 firefighters from six large cities in Korea, who completed the following self-report questionnaires: Life Event Checklist, Event-related Rumination Inventory, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Entrapment scale, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire. Exposure to traumatic events indirectly affected PTSD symptoms via intrusive rumination, emotional regulation, and perceptions of entrapment. Additionally, the mediating effects of intrusive rumination and perceptions of entrapment were moderated by perceived social support. That is, firefighters with high levels of perceived social support reported lower severity of rumination and PTSD symptoms. These findings suggest that perceptions of social support may operate as a resilience factor in buffering the effects of trauma on PTSD symptoms. Perceived social support interacts with intrusive rumination and perceptions of entrapment, thereby resisting the development of PTSD symptoms.
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subjects Adult
Aged
Anxiety
Biology and Life Sciences
Buffers
Cities and towns
Cognition & reasoning
Coping
Cross-Sectional Studies
Development and progression
Diagnosis
Emotions
Entrapment
Exposure
Female
Firefighters
Firefighters - psychology
Health aspects
Humans
Male
Mediation
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Middle Aged
Occupational health
Perceptions
Post traumatic stress disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Psychological aspects
Psychological stress
Questionnaires
Republic of Korea
Research and Analysis Methods
Resilience
Resilience, Psychological
Risk factors
Rumination
Rumination, Cognitive - physiology
Self Report
Sex crimes
Social interactions
Social Sciences
Social Support
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology
Studies
Suicides & suicide attempts
Surveys and Questionnaires
Trauma
Veterans
Working conditions
Young Adult
title Perceived social support functions as a resilience in buffering the impact of trauma exposure on PTSD symptoms via intrusive rumination and entrapment in firefighters
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