Risk factors for bronchiolitis hospitalization in infants: A French nationwide retrospective cohort study over four consecutive seasons (2009-2013)

• Published in: PloS one 2020-03, Vol.15 (3), p.e0229766-e0229766
• Main Authors: Fauroux, Brigitte, Hascoët, Jean-Michel, Jarreau, Pierre-Henri, Magny, Jean-François, Rozé, Jean-Christophe, Saliba, Elie, Schwarzinger, Michaël
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abnormalities; Age; Biology and Life Sciences; Birth weight; Bronchiolitis; Bronchopneumonia; Bronchopulmonary dysplasia; Cardiomyopathy; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Chronic illnesses; Cleft lip/palate; Cleft palate; Codes; Cohort analysis; Congenital diseases; Congenital heart defects; Coronary artery disease; Cystic fibrosis; Diaphragmatic hernia; Discharge; Diseases; Down syndrome; Down's syndrome; Dysplasia; Dystrophy; Fibrosis; Fistulae; Fistulas; Genetic disorders; Health risks; Heart diseases; Hernia; Hospital admission and discharge; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Human health and pathology; Hydrologic data; Hypertension; Infants; Infections; Infectious diseases; Intensive care; Life Sciences; Lung diseases; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Multiple births; Muscular dystrophy; Myocardial diseases; Nervous system; Neuromuscular diseases; Newborn babies; Pediatrics; People and Places; Pharmaceutical industry; Population; Pulmonary hypertension; Pulmonology and respiratory tract; Respiratory syncytial virus; Respiratory tract diseases; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Santé publique et épidémiologie; Seasons; Stem cell transplantation; Stem cells; Tracheoesophageal fistula; Transplants; Viral infections; Viruses
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229766

Large studies are needed to update risk factors of bronchiolitis hospitalization. We performed a nationwide analysis of hospitalization rates for bronchiolitis over four consecutive bronchiolitis seasons to identify underlying medical disorders at risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization and assess their frequency. Data were retrieved from the French National Hospital Discharge database. Of all infants discharged alive from maternity wards from January 2008 to December 2013 in France (N = 3,884,791), we identified four consecutive cohorts at risk of bronchiolitis during the seasons of 2009-2010 to 2012-2013. The main outcome was bronchiolitis hospitalization during a season. Individual risk factors were collected. Among infants, 6.0% were preterm and 2.0% had ≥1 chronic condition including 0.2% bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and 0.2% hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (HS-CHD). Bronchiolitis hospitalization rates varied between seasons (min: 1.26% in 2010-2011; max: 1.48% in 2012-2013; p