Genetic diversity and population structure of indigenous chicken in Rwanda using microsatellite markers

Rwanda has about 4.5 million of indigenous chicken (IC) that are very low in productivity. To initiate any genetic improvement programme, IC needs to be accurately characterized. The key purpose of this study was to ascertain the genetic diversity of IC in Rwanda using microsatellite markers. Blood...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2020-04, Vol.15 (4), p.e0225084-e0225084
Main Authors: Habimana, Richard, Okeno, Tobias Otieno, Ngeno, Kiplangat, Mboumba, Sylvere, Assami, Pauline, Gbotto, Anique Ahou, Keambou, Christian Tiambo, Nishimwe, Kizito, Mahoro, Janvier, Yao, Nasser
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alleles
Animal sciences
Biodiversity
Biology and Life Sciences
Biomarkers
Breeding of animals
Chickens
Consent
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Ethics
Gene frequency
Genes
Genetic diversity
Genetic improvement
Genetic markers
Genetic testing
Genomes
Genomics
Heterozygosity
Inbreeding
Livestock
Loci
Microsatellites
People and Places
Polymorphism
Population
Population genetics
Population structure
Population studies
Populations
Poultry
Production management
Structure (Literature)
Variance analysis
Veterinary medicine
Zoology
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Summary:Rwanda has about 4.5 million of indigenous chicken (IC) that are very low in productivity. To initiate any genetic improvement programme, IC needs to be accurately characterized. The key purpose of this study was to ascertain the genetic diversity of IC in Rwanda using microsatellite markers. Blood samples of IC sampled from 5 agro-ecological zones were collected from which DNA was extracted, amplified by PCR and genotyped using 28 microsatellite markers. A total of 325 (313 indigenous and 12 exotic) chickens were genotyped and revealed a total number of 305 alleles varying between 2 and 22 with a mean of 10.89 per locus. One hundred eighty-six (186) distinct alleles and 60 private alleles were also observed. The frequency of private alleles was highest in samples from the Eastern region, whereas those from the North West had the lowest. The influx of genes was lower in the Eastern agro-ecological zone than the North West. The mean observed heterozygosity was 0.6155, whereas the average expected heterozygosity was 0.688. The overall inbreeding coefficient among the population was 0.040. Divergence from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was significant (p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0225084