The effects of an acute exercise bout on GH and IGF-1 in prediabetic and healthy African Americans: A pilot study investigating gene expression

• Published in: PloS one 2018-01, Vol.13 (1), p.e0191331-e0191331
• Main Authors: Berry, Nathaniel T, Hubal, Monica, Wideman, Laurie
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; African Americans; Biology and Life Sciences; Black or African American - genetics; Blood; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Body composition; Case-Control Studies; Complications; Complications and side effects; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Epidemics; Exercise; Fasting - blood; Female; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic aspects; Growth factors; Growth hormone; Growth hormone-releasing hormone; Growth hormones; Health care; Human Growth Hormone - genetics; Human Growth Hormone - metabolism; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Insulin-like growth factor I; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - genetics; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - metabolism; Leukocytes (mononuclear); Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metabolism; Minority & ethnic groups; Normality; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Physical fitness; Physiological aspects; Physiology; Pilot Projects; Prediabetic state; Prediabetic State - blood; Prediabetic State - genetics; Prediabetic State - metabolism; Prediabetic State - physiopathology; Protein Transport; RNA, Messenger - genetics; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; Somatotropin; Statistical analysis; Studies; Time Factors; Treadmills
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191331

The incidence of pre-diabetes (PD) and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) is a worldwide epidemic. African American (AA) individuals are disproportionately more likely to become diabetic than other ethnic groups. Over the long-term, metabolic complications related to diabetes result in significant alterations in growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Considering the limited exercise-related studies in the area of gene expression changes with disease progression, the objective of this study was to examine differences in exercise-induced gene expression related to the GH and IGF-1 pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy (CON) and PD AA individuals. Ten subjects [5 PD (age = 35±9.3 yr, BMI = 32.1±4.0, FBG = 101.8±1.3 mg/dl) and 5 CON (age = 31±9.4 yr, BMI = 29.4±5.2, FBG = 82.8±9.7 mg/dl)] had blood drawn for RNA isolation prior to exercise (Pre), immediately following acute moderate intensity exercise on a treadmill (Post-1), 6-hours post (Post-6), and 24-hours post (Post-24). Isolation of mRNA from PBMCs was performed using ficoll separation, while the profiling of mRNA expression was performed using Illumina beadchip arrays with standard protocols. Scan results were statistically analyzed for a specific list of genes related to GH and IGF-1. GH and IGF-1 protein levels were also assessed in each sample. To address issues of normality, all GH and IGF-1 data were log-transformed prior to analysis. Statistical significance was set at p